Standard

The purpose of this protocol is to validate the safety skill Limit Restraining Energy for a robotic device acting on a single human joint along one degree of freedom. In this document the safety skill protects the user of a robotic device from excessive torques applied to a joint. The validation experiment is performed using a 1D force sensor and a testing frame placed around the robotic device. The torque generated by the robotic device is derived from the measured force. This protocol is based on a safety test protocol developed in the COVR funded FSTP project SAFEharbor, by Amsterdam VUMC, TU Delft and LUMC and was published as Deliverable D1.4 for that project.

The purpose of this protocol is to test the skill “dynamic stability” of (mobile) weight support systems (with gait following function) type RACA robots* by measurement. Its scope is limited to weight support systems in indoor applications. In this context, the objective is to protect users and bystanders from injuries caused by tilting of the weight support system. The validation of this protocol requires that the reader has access to an inclinometer, a winch and a suitable 1D force sensor for tension force measurements.

ISO 12100:2010 specifies basic terminology, principles and a methodology for achieving safety in the design of machinery. It specifies principles of risk assessment and risk reduction to help designers in achieving this objective. These principles are based on knowledge and experience of the design, use, incidents, accidents and risks associated with machinery. Procedures are described for identifying hazards and estimating and evaluating risks during relevant phases of the machine life cycle, and for the elimination of hazards or sufficient risk reduction. Guidance is given on the documentation and verification of the risk assessment and risk reduction process.ISO 12100:2010 is also intended to be used as a basis for the preparation of type-B or type-C safety standards.It does not deal with risk and/or damage to domestic animals, property or the environment.

ISO/TR 20218-2:2017 is applicable to robot systems for manual load/unload applications in which a hazard zone is safeguarded by preventing access to it. For this type of application, it is important to consider the need for both access restrictions to hazard zones and for ergonomically suitable work places.ISO/TR 20218-2:2017 supplements ISO 10218-2:2011 and provides additional information and guidance on reducing the risk of intrusion into the hazard zones in the design and safeguarding of manual load/unload installations.

ISO 9409-2:2002 defines the main dimensions, designation and marking for a shaft with cylindrical projection as mechanical interface. It is intended to ensure the exchangeability and to keep the orientation of hand-mounted end effectors.ISO 9409-2:2002 does not contain any correlation of load-carrying ranges.The mechanical interfaces specified in ISO 9409-2:2002 will also find application in simple handling systems which are not covered by the definition of manipulating industrial robots, such as pick-and-place or master-slave units.

ISO 14539 is one of a series of standards dealing with the requirements of manipulating industrial robots. Other documents cover such topics as terminology, general characteristics, coordinate systems, performance criteria and related test methods, safety, mechanical interfaces and graphical user interfaces for programming

This Technical Report describes test methods and metrics for measuring the pressures and forces associated with quasi-static and transient contact events of collaborative applications where risk reduction is provided primarily by robots with power and force limiting (PFL) by inherently safe design or safety functions according to ANSI/RIA R15.06 and RIA TR R15.606. This Technical Report also provides guidance on determining the conditions of the test measurements. A robot with PFL functionality is not to be considered safe “out of the box” as the PFL robot is a component within a collaborative application. If the PFL robot is used in an application with no human/robot collaboration, these test methods are not required. For further guidance on when to test, see Annex A: Determining When to Test PFL Applications. Forces attributable to human motion are not taken into consideration for the application of this technical report.

ISO 10218-2:2011 specifies safety requirements for the integration of industrial robots and industrial robot systems as defined in ISO 10218-1, and industrial robot cell(s). The integration includes the following:the design, manufacturing, installation, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of the industrial robot system or cell. necessary information for the design, manufacturing, installation, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of the industrial robot system or cell. component devices of the industrial robot system or cell.ISO 10218-2:2011 describes the basic hazards and hazardous situations identified with these systems, and provides requirements to eliminate or adequately reduce the risks associated with these hazards. ISO 10218-2:2011 also specifies requirements for the industrial robot system as part of an integrated manufacturing system. ISO 10218-2:2011 does not deal specifically with hazards associated with processes (e.g. laser radiation, ejected chips, welding smoke). Other standards can be applicable to these process hazards.

ISO 10218-1:2011 specifies requirements and guidelines for the inherent safe design, protective measures and information for use of industrial robots. It describes basic hazards associated with robots and provides requirements to eliminate, or adequately reduce, the risks associated with these hazards.ISO 10218-1:2011 does not address the robot as a complete machine. Noise emission is generally not considered a significant hazard of the robot alone, and consequently noise is excluded from the scope of ISO 10218-1:2011.ISO 10218-1:2011 does not apply to non‑industrial robots, although the safety principles established in ISO 10218 can be utilized for these other robots.

This International Standard specifies how characteristics of robots shall be presented by the manufacturer.

This International Standard describes methods of specifying and testing the following Performance characteristics of manipulating industrial robots: pose accuracy and pose repeatability; multi-directional pose accuracy Variation; distance accuracy and distance repeatability; Position stabilization time; Position overshoot; drift of pose characteristics; exchangeability; path accuracy and path repeatability; path accuracy on reorientation cornering deviations; path velocity characteristics; minimum posing time; static compliance; weaving deviations.

Supplies information on the state-of-the-art of test equipment operating principles. Additional information is provided that describes the applications of current test equipment technology to ISO 9283.