This document describes requirements for the specification of geographic data products, based upon the concepts of other International Standards in the ISO 19100 family of standards. It also provides guidance in the creation of data product specifications, so that they can be easily understood and fit for their intended purpose. This document specifies XML encoding of data product specifications. This document provides OWL representation of the underlying UML model. See Annex F. This document is intended for use by data producers, data providers, service providers and potential users of data products.
This document is the first of a family of standards. This document identifies the information required to determine the relationship between the position of a remotely sensed pixel in image coordinates and its geoposition. It supports exploitation of remotely sensed images. It defines the metadata to be distributed with the image to enable user determination of geographic position from the observations. This document specifies several ways in which information in support of geopositioning can be provided.
a) It may be provided as a sensor description with the associated physical and geometric information necessary to rigorously construct a PSM. For the case where precise geoposition information is needed, this document identifies the mathematical equations for rigorously constructing PSMs that relate 2D image space to 3D ground space and the calculation of the associated propagated errors. This document provides detailed information for three types of passive electro-optical/ IR sensors (frame, pushbroom and whiskbroom) and for an active microwave sensing system SAR. It provides a framework by which these sensor models can be extended to other sensor types.
b) It can be provided as a TRM, using functions whose coefficients are based on a PSM so that they provide information for precise geopositioning, including the calculation of errors, as precisely as the PSM they replace.
c) It can be provided as a CM that provides a functional fitting based on observed relationships between the geopositions of a set of GCPs and their image coordinates.
d) It can be provided as a set of GCPs that can be used to develop a CM or to refine a PSM or TRM.
This document does not specify either how users derive geoposition data or the format or content of the data the users generate.
ISO 19128:2005 specifies the behaviour of a service that produces spatially referenced maps dynamically from geographic information. It specifies operations to retrieve a description of the maps offered by a server, to retrieve a map, and to query a server about features displayed on a map. ISO 19128:2005 is applicable to pictorial renderings of maps in a graphical format; it is not applicable to retrieval of actual feature data or coverage data values.
This document defines the management and operations of the ISO geodetic register and identifies the data elements, in accordance with ISO 19111:2007 and the core schema within ISO 19135‑1:2015, required within the geodetic register.
This document specifies a schema for feature concept dictionaries to be established and managed as registers. It does not specify schemas for feature catalogues or for the management of feature catalogues as registers. However, as feature catalogues are often derived from feature concept dictionaries, this document does specify a schema for a hierarchical register of feature concept dictionaries and feature catalogues. These registers are in accordance with ISO 19135‑1.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO 19125-1:2004 establishes a common architecture for geographic information and defines terms to use within the architecture. It also standardizes names and geometric definitions for Types for Geometry. ISO 19125-1:2004 does not place any requirements on how to define the Geometry Types in the internal schema nor does it place any requirements on when or how or who defines the Geometry Types. ISO 19125-1:2004 does not attempt to standardize and does not depend upon any part of the mechanism by which Types are added and maintained.
This document specifies conceptual schemas for describing the spatial characteristics of geographic entities, and a set of spatial operations consistent with these schemas. It treats _vector_ geometry and topology. It defines standard spatial operations for use in access, query, management, processing and data exchange of geographic information for spatial (geometric and topological) objects. Because of the nature of geographic information, these geometric coordinate spaces will normally have up to three spatial dimensions, one temporal dimension and any number of other spatially dependent parameters as needed by the applications. In general, the topological dimension of the spatial projections of the geometric objects will be at most three.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO 19101-1:2014 defines the reference model for standardization in the field of geographic information. This reference model describes the notion of interoperability and sets forth the fundamentals by which this standardization takes place. Although structured in the context of information technology and information technology standards, ISO 19101-1:2014 is independent of any application development method or technology implementation approach.
This standard specifies a functional architecture that supports the energy-efficient transmission and processing of large volumes of data, starting at processing nodes close to the data source, with significant processing resources provided at centralized data centers.
Measurable, testable levels of transparency, so that autonomous systems can be objectively assessed, and levels of compliance determined, are described in this standard.
This document deals with the tool capabilities and methods for model-based systems and software engineering (MBSSE). This document:
(1) specifies a reference model for the overall structure and processes of MBSSE-specific processes, and describes how the components of the reference model fit together;
(2) specifies interrelationships between the components of the reference model;
(3) specifies MBSSE-specific processes for model-based systems and software engineering; the processes are described in terms of purpose, inputs, outcomes and tasks;
(4) specifies methods to support the defined tasks of each process; and
(5) specifies tool capabilities to automate or semi-automate tasks or methods.
This document does not bring any additional life cycle processes for system and software but specifies an MBSSE reference model considered as activities, not only from the life cycle perspectives of systems engineering problem solving and the system-of-interest evolution, but also from the cognitive perspectives of modelling and model management, which can sustain and facilitate the system and software life cycle processes during digital transformation and in the digital age. The processes defined in this document are applicable for a single project, as well as for an organization performing multiple projects or an enterprise. These processes are applicable for managing and performing the systems and software engineering activities based on models within any stage in the life cycle of a system-of-interest.
The human information data model for VR-based smart cities is defined to represent human-related information in 3D virtual environments. It defines concepts, a data model, and how to integrate 3D virtual worlds and information related to sensors that people carry with them. It defines an exchangeable information data model necessary for transferring and storing human information in 3D virtual smart cities. This document will specify:
- Representation of human information in a 3D virtual smart city.
- Representation of human information with sensors in a 3D virtual smart city.
- Representation of human semantic and physiological information for a 3D virtual smart city.
- Definition of an interchangeable data model for human information for a VR smart city.
