Standard

The objective of this document is to propose an extension to the existing standard for the information model for representing the mixed and augmented reality scene/contents description, namely:

1) Extending the existing and conventional constructs for representing the virtual reality scene graph and structure such that a comprehensive range of mixed and augmented reality contents can also be represented.

2) As part of the extension, representing physical objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene targeted for augmentation.

3) As part of the extension, representing physical objects as augmentation to other (virtual or physical) objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene.

4) Providing ways to spatially associate aforementioned physical objects with the corresponding target objects (virtual or physical) in the mixed and augmented reality scene.

5) Other necessary functionalities and abstractions that will support the dynamic MAR scene description such as event/data mapping, and dynamic augmentation behaviours.

6) Describing the association between these constructs and the MAR system which is responsible for taking and interpreting this information model and rendering/presenting it out through the MAR display device.

The document also provides definitions for terms as related to these MAR content informational components and their attributes. The target audience of this document are mainly MAR system developers and contents designers interested in specifying MAR contents to be played by an MAR system or browser. The standard will provide a basis for further application standards or file formats for any virtual and mixed reality applications and content representation. The extension will be self-contained in the sense that it is independent from the existing virtual reality information constructs, focusing only on the mixed and augmented reality aspects. However, this document only proposes the information model, and neither promotes nor proposes to use a specific language, file format, algorithm, device, implementation method, and standard. The proposed model is to be considered as the minimal basic model that can be extended for other purposed in actual implementation.

ISO/IEC 14772, the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), defines a file format that integrates 3D graphics and multimedia. Conceptually, each VRML file is a 3D time-based space that contains graphic and aural objects that can be dynamically modified through a variety of mechanisms. This part of ISO/IEC 14772 defines a primary set of objects and mechanisms that encourage composition, encapsulation, and extension. The semantics of VRML describe an abstract functional behaviour of time-based, interactive 3D, multimedia information. ISO/IEC 14772 does not define physical devices or any other implementation-dependent concepts (e.g., screen resolution and input devices). ISO/IEC 14772 is intended for a wide variety of devices and applications, and provides wide latitude in interpretation and implementation of the functionality. For example, ISO/IEC 14772 does not assume the existence of a mouse or 2D display device. Each VRML file:

a. implicitly establishes a world coordinate space for all objects defined in the file, as well as all objects included by the file;

b. explicitly defines and composes a set of 3D and multimedia objects;

c. can specify hyperlinks to other files and applications; and

d. can define object behaviours.

An important characteristic of VRML files is the ability to compose files together through inclusion and to relate files together through hyperlinking. For example, consider the file earth.wrl which specifies a world that contains a sphere representing the earth. This file may also contain references to a variety of other VRML files representing cities on the earth (e.g., fileparis.wrl). The enclosing file, earth.wrl, defines the coordinate system that all the cities reside in. Each city file defines the world coordinate system that the city resides in but that becomes a local coordinate system when contained by the earth file. Hierarchical file inclusion enables the creation of arbitrarily large, dynamic worlds. Therefore, VRML ensures that each file is completely described by the objects contained within it. Another essential characteristic of VRML is that it is intended to be used in a distributed environment such as the World Wide Web. There are various objects and mechanisms built into the language that support multiple distributed files, including:

a. in-lining of other VRML files;

b. hyperlinking to other files;

c. using established Internet and ISO standards for other file formats; and

d. defining a compact syntax.

ISO 32000-1:2008 specifies a digital form for representing electronic documents to enable users to exchange and view electronic documents independent of the environment in which they were created or the environment in which they are viewed or printed. It is intended for the developer of software that creates PDF files (conforming writers), software that reads existing PDF files and interprets their contents for display and interaction (conforming readers) and PDF products that read and/or write PDF files for a variety of other purposes (conforming products).

The present document collects information on eXtended Reality (XR) in the context of 5G radio and network services. The primary scope of the present document is the documentation of the following aspects:

- introducing Extended Reality by providing definitions, core technology enablers, a summary of devices and form factors, as well as ongoing related work in 3GPP and elsewhere,

- collecting and documenting core use cases in the context of Extended Reality,- identifying relevant client and network architectures, APIs and media processing functions that support XR use cases,

- analysing and identifying the media formats (including audio and video), metadata, accessibility features, interfaces and delivery procedures between client and network required to offer such an experience,

- collecting key performance indicators and Quality-of-Experience metrics for relevant XR services and the applied technology components, and

- drawing conclusions on the potential needs for standardisation in 3GPP.

This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding for visual volumetric media using video‑based coding methods. This document also specifies processes that can be needed for reconstruction of visual volumetric media, which can also include additional processes such as post‑decoding, pre-reconstruction, post‑reconstruction and adaptation.

This standard defines a technical architecture as well as primary functional and non-functional requirements for blockchain fusion servers.

This standard establishes a uniform set of definitions, and a methodology to assess the socio-technical considerations and practices regarding (“XR”) Extended Reality (Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Immersive Web and Spatial Web technologies) where this methodology shapes the positive design of XR systems. The Standard provides the following:

a) a high-level overview of the technical and socio-technical aspects of XR;

b) a set of XR definitions and classifications based on existing XR research and application verticals;

c) a standardized definition of ethical assessment methodologies of XR products, services and systems; and

d) a high-level ethical (where "ethical" is defined as "Supporting the realization of positive values or the reduction of negative values") assessment methodology for the design of XR products, services, or systems.

The applied ethical approach utilizes IEEE's Ethically Aligned Design (EAD). “Positive” is defined as the support of improved human flourishing” (or “human wellbeing and environmental flourishing.”)

ISO 19106:2004 is intended to define the concept of a profile of the ISO geographic information standards developed by ISO/TC 211 and to provide guidance for the creation of such profiles. Only those components of specifications that meet the definition of a profile contained herein can be established and managed through the mechanisms described in this International Standard. These profiles can be standardized internationally using the ISO standardization process. This document also provides guidance for establishing, managing, and standardizing at the national level (or in some other forum).

This document specifies the abstract class of a media thing (MThing), which is a basic component to construct the Internet of media things. The MThing class contains the basic APIs to:

(a) discover other MThing(s) in the network;

(b) connect/disconnect MThing(s); and

(c) support transactions (e.g. payments) using media tokens between MThings.

The structure of this document is as follows. Clauses 2-4 specify the terms, abbreviations, symbols and conventions used throughout the document. Clauses 5-11 contain definitions of the description tools standardized by 15938-3 grouped by the visual features they are associated with, starting with basic structures and containers in Clause 5, through color, texture, shape, motion, localization in Clause 10. Clause 11 contains the remaining, unclassified items. Each description tool is described by the following subclauses:

- Syntax: Normative DDL specification of the Ds or DSs;

- Binary Syntax: Normative binary representation of the Ds or DSs; and

- Semantic: Normative definition of the semantics of all the components of the corresponding D or DS.

This document describes the architecture of systems for the internet of media things.

This recommendation specifies requirements of 3D digital human system based on smart mobile devices from the dimensions of functional requirements, performance requirements and system requirements according to subjective and objective metrics. The evaluation methods of some unique requirements for 3D digital human and SMD application are also described. This recommendation applies to 3D digital human system based on smart mobile devices, including but not limited to smart phone assistants, e-commerce anchors, intelligent customer service, weather anchors, digital employees, etc.