Web 4.0 and virtual worlds

This document specifies a digital form for representing electronic documents to enable users to exchange and view electronic documents independent of the environment in which they were created or the environment in which they are viewed or printed. It is intended for developers of software that creates PDF files (PDF writers), software that reads existing PDF files and (usually) interprets their contents for display (PDF readers), software that reads and displays PDF content and interacts with the computer users to possibly modify and save the PDF file (interactive PDF processors) and PDF products that read and/or write PDF files for a variety of other purposes (PDF processors). (PDF writers and PDF readers are more specialised classifications of interactive PDF processors and all are PDF processors).

ISO 14739-1:2014 describes PRC 10001 of a product representation compact (PRC) file format for three dimensional (3D) content data. This format is designed to be included in PDF (ISO 32000) and other similar document formats for the purpose of 3D visualization and exchange. It can be used for creating, viewing, and distributing 3D data in document exchange workflows. It is optimized to store, load, and display various kinds of 3D data, especially that coming from computer aided design (CAD) systems.

Measuring quality of experience (QoE) aims to explore the factors that contribute to a user's perceptual experience including human, system, and context factors. Since QoE stems from human interaction with various devices, the estimation should be started by investigating the mechanism of human visual perception. Therefore, measuring QoE is still a challenging task. In this standard, QoE assessment is categorized into two subcategories which are perceptual quality and virtual reality (VR) cybersickness. In addition, deep learning models considering human factors for various QoE assessments are covered, along with a reliable subjective test methodology and a database construction procedure.

This document specifies:- physical and material parameters of virtual or real objects expressed to support comprehensive haptic rendering methods, such as stiffness, friction and micro-textures; and- a flexible specification of the haptic rendering algorithm itself. It supplements other standards that describe scene or content description and information models for virtual and mixed reality, such as ISO/IEC 19775 and ISO/IEC 3721-1.

This document specifies an image-based representation model that represents target objects/environments using a set of images and optionally the underlying 3D model for accurate and efficient objects/environments representation at an arbitrary viewpoint. It is applicable to a wide range of graphic, virtual reality and mixed reality applications which require the method of representing a scene with various objects and environments. This document:(1) defines terms for image-based representation and 3D reconstruction techniques;(2) specifies the required elements for image-based representation;(3) specifies a method of representing the real world in the virtual space based on image-based representation;(4) specifies how visible image patches can be integrated with the underlying 3D model for more accurate and rich objects/environments representation from arbitrary viewpoints;(5) specifies how the proposed model allows multi-object representation; and(6) provides an XML based specification of the proposed representation model and an actual implementation example (see Annex A).

This document specifies requirements for the preparation, revision and presentation of digital product definition data, hereafter referred to as data sets, complementing existing standards. It supports two methods of application: 3D model-only and 3D model with 2D drawing in digital format. The structure of this document presents requirements common to both methods followed by clauses providing for any essential, differing requirements for each method. Additionally, its use in conjunction with computer-aided design (CAD) systems can assist in the progression towards improved modelling and annotation practices for CAD and engineering disciplines, as well as serving as a guideline for CAx software developers.

The technologies of this document specified are description languages and vocabularies to describe virtual world objects. The adaptation engine is not within the scope of this document. This document specifies syntax and semantics of the tools used to characterize a virtual world object related metadata: Virtual World Object Characteristics (VWOC) as an XML Schema-based language which enables one to describe a basic structure of avatars and virtual world objects in virtual environments.

This standard defines the basic framework within the overall architectural framework for motion training systems. This standard includes definitions for the functions and input/output interfaces of each component module, and the related data components and formats. To utilize this standard basic framework, various application-specific user interface/user experience (UI/UX) and service frameworks are specified. The meaning of "motion training" includes:- Human gestures and postures- Animated human gestures and postures- Expressions of human body animation for Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR).

This standard defines a framework for mixed reality content aimed at effective motion learning, including terms and definitions, requirements and data formats. Mechanisms to synchronize the motion sensor and projector coordinate system are defined. Motion acquisition methods, application programming interfaces and user interfaces are described.

This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for the motion to photon (MTP) latency that causes virtual reality (VR) sickness while users are using the virtual reality content. This standard is applicable to VR content related with software, hardware, and human factors regarding MTP latency.

This standard defines an architecture required to implement a virtual reality system that can simulate responses to possible disasters in physical spaces, where users can actually move around with six degrees of freedom, for training. This reference architecture includes the physical-to-virtual component that transfers sensor data in the physical space to the virtual world, the virtual-to-virtual component that conveys the data between virtual world objects, and the virtual-to-physical component that transfers the simulated responses in the virtual world to actuators in the physical world.

This standard specifies the general technical framework, components, integration, and main business processes of augmented reality systems applied to mobile devices, and defines its technical requirements, including functional requirements, performance requirements, safety requirements and corresponding test methods. This standard is applicable to the design, development, and management of augmented reality enabled applications or features of applications on mobile devices.