This document specifies a general framework addressing the following six components: conformance in the standard itself; test requirements document (defining what shall be tested for a computer graphics standard); test specifications document (addressing the test technique and the content of each test); test method (defining the implementation of the test specification document, including the test software); test procedures (defining the application of the test software, which consists of the procedures to be used in conformance testing); the establishment of test services. Is applicable to all standards within the scope of the ISO/IEC JTC1 subcommittee responsible for computer graphics and image processing.
This document specifies a set of functions for computer graphics programming, i.e. the Graphical Kernel System for Three Dimensions (GKS-3D) as the basic graphics system of computer-generated three dimensional pictures on graphics output devices. Provides application programs to define and display 3D graphical primitives, specified using 3D coordinates. Functions are provided to for storage on and retrieval from an external graphics file with the functions being organized in upward compatible levels with increasing capabilities. Additional functions are defined to generate output primitives.
The present document provides an overview of delivery of 3D graphics of games that are running on a high-performance server to client devices that would otherwise not have the resources to run these games natively. The present document describes the use cases, high level requirements and different solution approaches, and identifies the main area(s) where standardization work would be needed. Exploring the nature and content of what is going to be exchanged between servers and clients constitutes the main topic of the present document The primary aim for this technology is to enable casual gaming scenarios, and it is not the primary aim to try to satisfy hardcore gamers, since we have to be realistic about what can be achieved with the current state of networking and server technology. Because of the nature of the content and in order to focus on feasible solutions, we may exclude certain type of network connections to be used, such as using "unreliable" or high-latency wireless connections such as 802.11b/g. We expect to have a broadband connection between the client and the server, without too many intermediate hops. In the present document we do not address deployment issues, such as integration into a Content on demand infrastructure (e.g. user registration, pricing, purchasing), or integration into a QoS framework (e.g. prioritization of gaming streams compared to other types of streams). Also, use cases and synchronization issues related to multi-player gaming, whereby different connection speeds/types could result in different response times, are out of scope of the present document.
ISO/IEC 18026:2009 specifies the Spatial Reference Model (SRM) defining relevant aspects of spatial positioning and related information processing. The SRM allows precise and unambiguous specification of geometric properties such as position (location), direction, and distance. The SRM addresses the needs of a broad community of users, who have a range of accuracy and performance requirements in computationally intensive applications. Aspects of ISO/IEC 18026:2009 apply to, but are not limited to:
(1) mapping, charting, geodesy, and imagery;
(2) topography;
(3) location-based services;
(4) oceanography;
(5) meteorology and climatology;
(6) interplanetary and planetary sciences;
(7) embedded systems; and
(8) modelling and simulation.
The application program interface supports more than 30 forms of position representation. To ensure that spatial operations are performed consistently, the application program interface specifies conversion operations with functionality defined to ensure high precision transformation between alternative representations of geometric properties. ISO/IEC 18026:2009 is not intended to replace the standards and specifications developed by ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). It is applicable to applications whose spatial information requirements overlap two or more of the application areas that are the scope of the work of ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the IAU, and the IAG.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO/IEC 23007-1:2010 defines a specification for the exchange, the control and the communication of widgets with other entities, a widget being a self-contained living entity with an interactive and dynamic visualization.
This document is the first of a family of standards. This part of ISO/IEC 9592 specifies a set of functions for computer graphics programming, the Programmer’s Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS). PHIGS is a graphics system for application programs that produce computer generated pictures on output devices. It supports operator input and interactions by supplying basic functions for graphical input and hierarchical picture definition. Picture definitions can be retained centrally where they may be edited by an application. Alternatively, graphical data may be processed without first storing it. To assist in this processing, explicit control over resources used to encapsulate the results of these processing operations is provided. Basic application requirements in the areas of lighting and shading are provided through primitives and functions for controlling the rendering of 3D objects. Utilization of raster images in the generation of PHIGS pictures is provided. Pictures are displayed on output devices which may have associated input devices. Several input devices can be used simultaneously. The application program is allowed to adapt its behaviour to make best use of their capabilities. Graphical output can be constrained to particular views. Views can be specified parametrically and automatic processing of input operations can be used to control viewing. New input devices can be defined from the capabilities available. Functions are specified for archiving picture definitions to file. In addition an interface to the Computer Graphics Metafile (ISO/IEC 8632) is described. This part of ISO/IEC 9592 defines a language independent nucleus of a graphics system for integration into a programming language. PHIGS is embedded in a language layer obeying the particular conventions of the language. Such language bindings are specified in ISO/IEC 9593.
This document defines a reference model and base components for representing and controlling a single LAE or multiple LAEs in an MAR scene. It defines concepts, a reference model, system framework, functions and how to integrate a 2D/3D virtual world and LAEs, and their interfaces, in order to provide MAR applications with interfaces of LAEs. It also defines an exchange format necessary for transferring and storing LAE-related data between LAE-based MAR applications. This document specifies the following functionalities: a) definitions for an LAE in MAR; b) representation of an LAE; c) representation of properties of an LAE; d) sensing of an LAE in a physical world; e) integration of an LAE into a 2D/3D virtual scene; f) interaction between an LAE and objects in a 2D/3D virtual scene; g) transmission of information related to an LAE in an MAR scene. This document defines a reference model for LAE representation-based MAR applications to represent and to exchange data related to LAEs in a 2D/3D virtual scene in an MAR scene. It does not define specific physical interfaces necessary for manipulating LAEs, that is, it does not define how specific applications need to implement a specific LAE in an MAR scene, but rather defines common functional interfaces for representing LAEs that can be used interchangeably between MAR applications.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO/IEC 12087 is concerned with the manipulation, processing, and interchange of all types of digital images. The main purpose of this part is to define a generic, unifying imaging architecture to which other parts of ISO/IEC 12087 conform. This part of ISO/IEC 12087 also defines those specializations or delineations of the generic imaging architecture that are required to support IPI-PIKS and IPI-IIF.
The document is the first of a family of standards. ISO/IEC 14478 specifies techniques for supporting interactive Single, and multiple media applications which recognize and emphasize the interrelationships among user interfaces, multimedia applications, and multimedia information interchange. ISO/IEC 14478 defines a flexible environment to encompass modular functionality and is extensible through the creation of future components, both within and outside of Standards committees. It supports a wide range of multimedia applications in a consistent way, from simple drawings up to full motion Video, Sound, and virtual reality environments. ISO/IEC 14478 is independent of any particular implementation language, development environment, or execution environment. For integration into a programming environment, the Standard shall be embedded in a System dependent interface following the particular conventions of that environment. ISO/IEC 14478 provides versatile packaging techniques beyond the capabilities of monolithic Single-media Systems. This allows rearranging and extending functionality to satisfy requirements specific to particular application areas. ISO/IEC 14478 is developed incrementally with Parts 1 through 4 initially available. Other components are expected to be standardized by ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC24 or other subcommittees. ISO/IEC 14478 provides a framework within which application-defined ways of interacting with the environment tan be integrated. Methods for the definition, presentation, and manipulation of both input and output objects are described. Application-supplied structuring of objects is also allowed and tan, for example, be used as a basis for the development of toolkits for the creation of, presentation of, and interaction with multimedia and hyper-media documents and product model data. ISO/IEC 14478 is able to support construction, presentation, and interaction with multiple simultaneous inputs and Outputs using multiple media. Several such activities may occur simultaneously, and the application program tan adapt its behaviour to make best use of the capabilities of its environment. ISO/IEC 14478 includes interfaces for external storage, retrieval and interchange of multimedia objects.
This deliverable specifies quality characteristics of data that is recorded by sensors as a stream of single, discrete digital values by sensors. The following are within the scope of this deliverable:
(1) application of quality characteristics of sensor data that is a stream of single, discrete digital values;
(2) types of anomalies in sensor data;
(3) quality characteristics of sensor data; and
(4) relationship with other ISO standards.
The following are outside the scope of this deliverable:
(1) analogue, image, video and sound data produced by sensors; and
(2) methods to measure data quality characteristics.
This deliverable specifies quality measures for quantitatively measuring quality characteristics of sensor data, where these characteristics are specified by ISO 8000-210. The following are within the scope of this deliverable:
(1) fundamental principles and assumptions for measuring the quality of sensor data; and
(2) quality measures for sensor data, with respect to applicable quality characteristics and corresponding data anomalies.
The following are outside the scope of this deliverable:
(3) specific values for each measure, where the value indicates a distinction between, for example, good quality and poor quality; and
(4) methods to improve the quality of sensor data.
This document specifies guidelines for the representation and visualization of smart cities. This document:
(a) describes the concepts of a smart city, smart city object and smart city data,
(b) describes categories of data associated with smart cities,provides guidance for representation of smart cities,
(c) describes guidance for visualization of smart cities,
(d) provides guidance in selecting the appropriate representation and visualization technique for different categories of smart city data using standards, and
(e) provides use cases for applying standards to the representation and visualization of smart cities.
