The AI development interface, AI model interoperable representation, coding format, and model encapsulated format for efficient AI model inference, storage, distribution, and management are discussed in this standard.
Federated machine learning defines a machine learning framework that allows a collective model to be constructed from data that is distributed across repositories owned by different organizations or devices. A blueprint for data usage and model building across organizations and devices while meeting applicable privacy, security and regulatory requirements is provided in this guide. It defines the architectural framework and application guidelines for federated machine learning, including description and definition of federated machine learning; the categories federated machine learning and the application scenarios to which each category applies; performance evaluation of federated machine learning; and associated regulatory requirements.
This recommended practice describes ethical considerations and recommended best practices in the design of artificial intelligence as used by adaptive instructional systems. The ethical considerations derived from P2247.1, Standard for the Classification of Adaptive Instructional Systems, is directly related to: P2247.1 Standard for the Classification of Adaptive Instructional Systems, P2247.2 Interoperability Standards for Adaptive Instructional Systems (AISs), and P2247.3 Recommended Practices for Evaluation of Adaptive Instructional Systems.
This recommended practice specifies governance criteria such as safety, transparency, accountability, responsibility and minimizing bias, and process steps for effective implementation, performance auditing, training and compliance in the development or use of artificial intelligence within organizations.
This standard describes a Hyperspace Transaction Protocol (HSTP) that enables interoperable, semantically compatible connections between connected hardware (e.g. autonomous drones, sensors, smart devices, robots) and software (e.g. services, platforms, applications, artificial intelligence systems) and includes specifications for: 1) a spatial range query format and response language for requesting data about objects within a dimensional range (spatial, temperature, pressure, motion) and their content. 2) a semantic data ontology schema for describing objects, relations, and actions in a standardized way 3) a verifiable credentialing and certification method for permissioning create, retrieve, update, and delete (CRUD) access to devices, locations, users, and data; and4) a human and machine-readable contracting language that enables the expression and automated execution of legal, financial and physical activities.
This guide provides a technological framework that facilitates the increase of trustworthiness of AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems, by using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technologies and methods including the following aspects:1) the requirements of providing XAI systems in different application scenarios;2) the categorization of a series of XAI tools that offer human-understandable explanations; and3) a set of measurable solutions to evaluate XAI systems in terms of performances concerning the accuracy, privacy, and security.
ISO/IEC 15948:2004 specifies a datastream and an associated file format, Portable Network Graphics (PNG, pronounced 'ping'), for a lossless, portable, compressed individual computer graphics image transmitted across the Internet. Indexed-colour, greyscale, and truecolour images are supported, with optional transparency. Sample depths range from 1 to 16 bits. PNG is fully streamable with a progressive display option. It is robust, providing both full file integrity checking and simple detection of common transmission errors. PNG can store gamma and chromaticity data as well as a full ICC colour profile for accurate colour matching on heterogenous platforms. ISO/IEC 15948:2004 defines the Internet Media type "image/png". The datastream and associated file format have value outside of the main design goal.
The technologies of this document specified are description languages and vocabularies to describe virtual world objects. The adaptation engine is not within the scope of this document. This document specifies syntax and semantics of the tools used to characterize a virtual world object related metadata: Virtual World Object Characteristics (VWOC) as an XML Schema-based language which enables one to describe a basic structure of avatars and virtual world objects in virtual environments.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO/IEC 8632 provides a file format suitable for the storage and retrieval of picture description information. The file format consists of an ordered set of elements that may be used to describe pictures in a way that is compatible between systems of different architectures, compatible with devices of differing capabilities and design, and meaningful to application constituencies. This picture description includes the capability for describing static images. The elements specified provide for the representation of a wide range of pictures on a wide range of graphical devices. The elements are organized into groups that delimit major structures (metafiles, pictures, and application structures), that specify the representations used within the metafile, that control the display of the picture, that perform basic drawing actions, that control the attributes of the basic drawing actions, that allow application-specific structuring to be overlaid on the graphical content, and that provide access to non-standard device capabilities. The metafile is defined in such a way that, in addition to sequential access to the whole metafile, random access to individual pictures and individual context-independent application structures is well-defined. Applications which require random access to pictures and/or context-independent application structures within pictures may, within the metafile, define directories to these pictures and/or context-independent application structures. The metafile may then be opened and randomly accessed without interpreting the entire metafile. In addition to a functional specification, two standard encodings of the metafile syntax are specified. These encodings address the needs of applications that require small metafile size plus minimum effort to generate and interpret, and maximum flexibility for a human reader or editor of the metafile. This part of ISO/IEC 8632 describes the format using an abstract syntax. The remaining parts of ISO 8632 specify standardized encodings that conform to this syntax: ISO/IEC 8632-3 specifies a binary encoding; ISO/IEC 8632-4 specifies a clear text encoding.
This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO/IEC 9636 establishes the conceptual model, functional capability, and minimum conformance requirements of the Computer Graphics Interface (CGI). It specifies design requirements for encodings of the CGI. ISO/IEC 9636 defines a set of CGI functions that is expected to satisfy the following needs of a majority of the computer graphics community:(a) provide an interface standard for computer graphics software package implementors;(b) provide an interface standard for computer graphics device manufacturers and suppliers;(c) provide an inquiry and response mechanism for graphics device capabilities, characteristics, and states;(d) provide a standard graphics escape mechanism to access non-standard graphics device capabilities; and(e) allow for future functional extension of the CGI.In addition to the CGI functionality, device classes, and Foundation and Constituency Profiles are defined. The device classes included in the CGI are output (OUTPUT), input (INPUT), and output/input (OUTIN). Profiles allow subsets of the CGI functions and features to be defined to suit particular well-identified groups of users. There is also provision for Constituency Profiles to be registered after ISO/IEC 9636 is published. The Computer Graphics Interface (CGI) is a standard functional and syntactical specification of the control and data exchange between device-independent graphics software and an implementation of a CGI Virtual Device. The syntax of the CGI, presented in ISO/IEC 9636, is an encoding-independent and binding-independent specification. Any similarity of the examples or function specifications to a particular encoding technique or language is coincidental unless explicitly stated otherwise. The functions specified provide for the representation of a wide range of two-dimensional pictures and for control over their display on a wide range of graphics devices. The functions are split into groups that perform device and CGI session control, specify the data representations used, control the display of the picture, perform basic drawing actions, control the attributes of the basic drawing actions, acquire data from input devices, and provide access to non-standard device capabilities. This part of ISO/IEC 9636 gives an overview of ISO/IEC 9636, explains the relationship between its parts and their relation to other standards, describes a reference model for graphics systems, and defines certain Foundation and Constituency Profiles. ISO/IEC 9636-2, ISO/IEC 9636-3, ISO/IEC 9636-4, ISO/IEC 9636-5, and ISO/IEC 9636-6 specify the CGI functions for different functional areas using an abstract notation. ISO/IEC 9637 and ISO/IEC 9638 define standard data stream encodings, procedural library bindings, and single entry point procedural bindings of the CGI.
ISO/IEC 9973:2013 specifies procedures to be followed in preparing, maintaining and publishing the International Register of Items for any standard whose classes of items are applicable to this register. The items that may be registered fall into several broad categories including:- computer graphics concepts,- data structures used by relevant standards,- spatial and environmental concepts, and- profiles of relevant standards.
This document specifies guidelines for the representation and visualization of smart cities. This document:(a) describes the concepts of a smart city, smart city object and smart city data,(b) describes categories of data associated with smart cities,provides guidance for representation of smart cities,(c) describes guidance for visualization of smart cities,(d) provides guidance in selecting the appropriate representation and visualization technique for different categories of smart city data using standards, and(e) provides use cases for applying standards to the representation and visualization of smart cities.