Lluïsa Marsal
CEN/TC251 Health Informatics is a standards delivery organisation, meaning that it approves standards in Europe, but the standards do not have to be created in Europe. In fact, many of them come from the global health informatics committee ISO/TC215. For this reason, it is important to monitor and contribute to the standards prepared in ISO/TC215. This is what the purpose of this fellowship was about.
ISO/TC215 has around 10 working groups (WGs) and CEN/TC251 has two. I am the convener of the second one and I try to follow those ISO/TC215 WGs that operate within the scope of my WG in CEN/TC251. This is not always easy because the ISO/TC215 WG meetings take place at the same time. In ISO/TC215 I participate mainly in interoperability, information security, and health software development areas.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is coming to healthcare, too. As I have AI experience through my doctoral studies and projects that followed, it has been natural for me to follow AI standardisation, too. The ISO/TC215 meeting in Toronto in October 2025 made it clear that the number of AI related work items is increasing in ISO/TC215. ISO/TC215 has a joint working group 3 (JWG3) with JTC1/SC42 Artificial Intelligence. The idea is that the ISO/TC215 AI work items are developed in this JWG3. Attendance in JWG3 is important also because I am a member of the CEN Strategic Advisory Group on AI in healthcare.
During the ISO/TC215 Toronto meetings in October 2025, SC42 held its meetings in Sydney, Australia. After the working day was over in Toronto, work began in Sydney in Toronto evening time. I participated in particularly the healthcare AI standards development JWG3 and SC42/WG4 Use Cases meetings virtually in Sydney. Attendance in JWG3 meetings was important to motivate the ISO/TC215 initiated standardisation projects to the SC42 leadership. Through my participation, the other parties became more aware of European values in AI standardisation.
A key goal of my work is to advance the digital transformation of standardisation itself. While digital processes are already common in business and administration, most standards are still developed using traditional, text-based methods with a high degree of manual effort. I aim to make standards digital, machine-readable, and easier to maintain, supported by tools that enable automated versioning, validation, and quality assurance.
I also strongly promote the use and evolution of Open Standards. Open and freely available standards encourage broader participation, faster development cycles, and more thorough expert review across the European and international community.
With the fellowship, I can expand my ongoing work on the European e-invoicing standard EN16931, turning voluntary contributions into focused development. The goal is to bridge the gap between theoretical standard specifications and practical implementation through automation and open-source collaboration.
Ultimately, this effort contributes to greater efficiency, transparency, and digital sovereignty within Europe’s standardisation ecosystem — ensuring that the standards themselves become as modern and interoperable as the digital solutions they enable.
ISO 29481-2:2012 specifies a methodology and format for describing coordination acts' between actors in a building construction project during all life cycle stages. It therefore specifies a methodology that describes an interaction framework, an appropriate way to map responsibilities and interactions that provides a process context for information flow, a format in which the interaction framework should be specified. ISO 29481-2:2012 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used in the construction process, to promote digital collaboration between actors in the building construction process, and to provide a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable, and high-quality information exchange.
ISO 12006-3:2007 specifies a language-independent information model which can be used for the development of dictionaries used to store or provide information about construction works. It enables classification systems, information models, object models and process models to be referenced from within a common framework.
To define an ISO/OSI application layer for communication systems for and remote reading of all meters within the scope of TC 294 to fullfill the user requirements as defined by WG 1 (as one part of the standards). To define and maintain a glossary of terms (as one part of the standards).
The purpose is to define the tests to be performed in order to evaluate the performances of road applications’ GNSS-based positioning terminal (GBPT). To fully define the tests, this task will address the test strategy, the facilities to be used, the test scenarios (e.g. environments and characteristics, which shall allow the comparison of different tests), and the test procedures. The defined tests and process will be validated by performing various in-field tests. The defined tests focus essentially on accuracy, integrity and availability as required in the statement of work included in the invitation to tender. This document will benefit to: - The consolidation of EN 16803-1: "Definitions and system engineering procedures for the establishment and assessment of performances" - The elaboration of EN 16803-2: "Assessment of basic performances of GNSS-based positioning terminals" - The elaboration of EN 16803-3: "Assessment of security performances of GNSS based positioning terminals".
This document specifies a set of representational primitives and semantic relations needed for an unambiguous representation of explicit time-related expressions in health informatics. This document does not introduce or force a specific ontology of time, nor does it force the use of a fixed representation scheme for such an ontology. Rather this document provides a set of principles for syntactic and semantic representation that allow the comparability of specific ontologies on time and the exchange of time-related information that is expressed explicitly. This document applies to both the representation of actual phenomena occurring in the real world (e.g. registrations in medical records) and to the description of concepts (e.g. medical knowledge bases). This document is applicable to a) developers of medical information systems where there might be a need for explicit time-related concepts for internal organization (e.g. temporal databases, temporal reasoning systems), b) information modellers or knowledge engineers building models for the systems mentioned in a), c) experts involved in the development of semantic standards on precise subdomains in health care where time-related information needs to be covered, (e.g. in the study of pathochronology, i.e. the discipline dealing with the time course of specific diseases), and d) developers of interchange formats for messages in which time-related information is embedded. This document is not intended to be used directly for — representing what is true in time, — reasoning about time, or — representation of metrological time.
Prepare a standard for the lower layers for uni and bi-directional meters data exchange by radio frequency communication. (see resolutions 2& 3/1999).