ISO

ISO 16760:2014 specifies requirements for an RGB workflow for graphic arts printing based on the use of reflection prints (RGB Reference Prints) as the evaluation vehicle for coloured images. It provides guidelines on the creation of print-targeted RGB images (RGB Reference Images) and simulation prints. This International Standard requires the identification of a pair of ICC profiles for each image: an image profile and a profile describing the reference printing system. These profiles provide individual colour transformations for gamut mapping and colour separation. This International Standard does not provide any guidance as to how these gamut mapping or colour separation transforms can be specified.

This document specifies how to extend the ISO 32000-2 specification by adding the ISO 10303-242 (STEP AP 242) format as a valid format for 3D assets contained in a RichMedia annotation. It is intended for:- developers of software that creates PDF files (PDF writers);- software that reads existing PDF files and usually interprets their contents for display (PDF readers);- software that reads and displays PDF content and interacts with the computer users to possibly modify and save the PDF file (PDF processors);- PDF products that read and/or write PDF files for a variety of other purposes (PDF processors).

This document establishes high-level requirements for privacy by design to protect privacy throughout the lifecycle of a consumer product, including data processed by the consumer. This document does not contain specific requirements for the privacy assurances and commitments that organizations can offer consumers nor does it specify particular methodologies that an organization can adopt to design and-implement privacy controls, nor the technology that can be used to operate such controls.

ISO 19109:2015 defines rules for creating and documenting application schemas, including principles for the definition of features.The scope of this International Standard includes the following:(1) conceptual modelling of features and their properties from a universe of discourse;(2) definition of application schemas;(3) use of the conceptual schema language for application schemas;(4) transition from the concepts in the conceptual model to the data types in the application schema; and(5) integration of standardized schemas from other ISO geographic information standards with the application schema.The following are outside the scope:(a) choice of one particular conceptual schema language for application schemas;(b) definition of any particular application schema;(c) representation of feature types and their properties in a feature catalogue;(d) representation of metadata;(e) rules for mapping one application schema to another;(f) implementation of the application schema in a computer environment;(g) computer system and application software design; and(h) programming.

ISO 10303-21:2016 specifies an exchange format that allows product data described in the EXPRESS language to be transferred from one computer system to another. ISO 10303-21:2016 adds anchor, reference and signature sections to support external references, support for compressed exchange structures in an archive, digital signatures and UTF-8 character encoding.

Based on ISO/IEC 21823-1, this document provides the basic concepts for IoT systems and digital twin systems behavioral and policy interoperability. This includes - requirements - guidance on how to identify points of interoperability - guidance on how to express behavioral and policy information on capabilities - guidance on how to achieve trustworthiness interoperability, and - use cases and examples.

This document investigates barriers and proposes measures to improve interoperability between geospatial and BIM domains, namely, to align GIS standards developed by ISO/TC 211 and BIM standards developed by ISO/TC 59/SC 13. Where relevant this document takes into account work and documents from other organizations and committees, such as buildingSMART, International (bSI), Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN). The focus is to identify future topics for standardization and possible revision needs of existing standards. This document investigates conceptual and technological barriers between GIS and BIM domains at the data, service and process levels, as defined by ISO 11354 (all parts).

This document establishes the requirements and recommendations for image contents and electronic display systems to reduce visually induced motion sickness (VIMS), while viewing images on electronic displays. This document is applicable to electronic display systems, including flat panel displays, projectors with a screen, and virtual reality (VR) type of head mounted displays (HMDs), but not including HMDs that present electronic images on/with real-world scenes. NOTE 1: This document assumes the images are viewed under appropriate defined conditions. See Annex B for the appropriate viewing conditions.NOTE 2: This document is useful for the design, development, and supply of image contents, as well as electronic displays for reducing VIMS.NOTE 3 ISO 9241-392[3] provides guidelines for stereoscopic 3D displays, of which the methods are also used in HMDs.NOTE 4 The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) generally sets the standards for broadcasting.

ISO 9241-910:2011 provides a framework for understanding and communicating various aspects of tactile/haptic interaction. It defines terms, describes structures and models, and gives explanations related to the other parts of the ISO 9241 ""900"" subseries. It also provides guidance on how various forms of interaction can be applied to a variety of user tasks. It is applicable to all types of interactive systems making use of tactile/haptic devices and interactions. It does not address purely kinaesthetic interactions, such as gestures, although it might be useful for understanding such interactions.

ISO 9241-920:2009 gives recommendations for tactile and haptic hardware and software interactions. It provides guidance on the design and evaluation of hardware, software, and combinations of hardware and software interactions, including: the design/use of tactile/haptic inputs, outputs, and/or combinations of inputs and outputs, with general guidance on their design/use as well as on designing/using combinations of tactile and haptic interactions for use in combination with other modalities or as the exclusive mode of interaction; the tactile/haptic encoding of information, including textual data, graphical data and controls; the design of tactile/haptic objects, the layout of tactile/haptic space; interaction techniques. It does not provide recommendations specific to Braille, but can apply to interactions that make use of Braille. The recommendations given in ISO 9241-920:2009 are applicable to at least the controls of a virtual workspace, but they can also be applied to an entire virtual environment — consistent, in as far as possible, with the simulation requirements.

This document - describes the types of methods that can be used for the evaluation of haptic devices and of systems that include haptic devices, - specifies a procedure for the evaluation of haptic interactions by a usability walkthrough or usability test (see Annex J), and - provides guidance on the types of methods that are appropriate for the evaluation of specific attributes of haptic systems, cross-referenced to the guidance in the relevant clauses of other International Standards (see Annexes A, B, C, D, E, F and G). It applies to the following types of interaction: - augmented reality - information overlaid on a real scene, e.g. vibrating belt indicating distance; - gesture control of a device or a virtual scenario; - unidirectional interaction such as a vibrating phone or a vibrating belt; - virtual environment - virtual space with which a user can interact with the aid of a haptic device. This document applies to the following types of devices: - gesture sensor, e.g. video that discerns 3D hand movements, touch screens that sense 2D touches; - kinaesthetic haptic device, e.g. desktop haptic interface; - tactile display, e.g. vibrating phone. This document is not applicable to standard input devices such as keyboards, mice or track balls. NOTE: ISO 9241-400 covers standard input devices, and ISO 9241-411 applies to the evaluation of input devices such as keyboards and mice. This document can be used to identify the types of methods and measures for:- establishing benchmarks- establishing requirements for haptic interaction- identifying problems with haptic interaction (formative evaluation), and- use of the criteria to establish whether a haptic system meets requirements (summative evaluation).

This document provides information based on a study of the characteristics of head-mounted displays (HMDs) regarding the ergonomics of human-system interaction. Although this document covers the broad range of ergonomics issues that arise, it specifically provides more-detailed information about the visual aspects of the interaction, and it provides information that could form the basis for future possible standards related to HMDs. NOTE: It is preferable to take systematic approach to consider characteristics of HMD, since HMD affects a viewer not only by visual aspects, but also by some other physical aspects.