ITU

Many organizations in developing countries as well as developed countries may have difficulties in implementing the high-level dimensions described in Recommendation ITU-T X.805. Recommendation ITU-T X.1039 is aimed at providing a set of security measures to implement the high-level dimensions. It also provides technical implementation guidance for security measures that can be used to improve organizations’ security response capabilities. A set of security measures described in this Recommendation could assist organizations in managing information security risks and implementing technical dimensions. The audience of this Recommendation includes, but is not limited to, those individuals responsible for implementing an organization's information security dimensions.

Recommendation ITU-T X.1042 supports the protection of network resources using security services based on software-defined networking (SDN). This Recommendation first classifies the network resources for SDN-based security services: SDN application, SDN controller, SDN switch and security manager (SM). Recommendation ITU-T X.1042 then defines security services based on SDN.

This Recommendation proposes security guidelines for identity management (IdM) systems. The security guidelines provide how an IdM system should be deployed and operated for secure identity services in NGN (Next Generation Network) or cyberspace environment. The security guidelines focus on providing official advice how to employ various security mechanisms to protect a general IdM system and it also provides proper security procedures required when two IdM systems are interoperated.

Recommendation ITU-T Y.3802 defines a functional architecture model of quantum key distribution (QKD) networks. In order to realize this model, it specifies detailed functional elements and reference points, architectural configurations and basic operational procedures of QKD networks (QKDN).

This Recommendation defines the reference framework and high-level requirements of smart city platforms. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation.

Recommendation ITU-T Y.3803 provides help for the design, deployment, and operation of key management of a quantum key distribution network (QKDN). 

An object identifier (OID) is an identifier to name an object in a hierarchically assigned namespace. In the Internet of things (IoT), thousands of IoT resources will be intricately provided as fusion types of various services. For the thousands of IoT resources, object identifiers (OIDs) can provide a resolution framework with unlimited scalability. On the other hand, IoT resources need to secure their data, so the distributed ledger technology (DLT) can guarantee its integrity. In consequence, the convergence of DLT and OIDs provides a good solution for identifying secured data of IoT resources. Recommendation ITU-T Y.4476 therefore specifies a resolution framework for the transactions of a distributed ledger assigned to IoT resources. Recommendation ITU-T Y.4476 also describes the concepts, functional requirements, architecture and procedures of an OID-based resolution framework by using DLT.

Along with the development of the Internet of things (IoT) and smart cities and communities (SC&C), various applications have different kinds of requirements for data management, and there are many challenges, especially in data representing, data processing, data service provisioning, and other aspects in a secure and effective manner. Meanwhile, blockchain as an emerging technology possesses the characteristics of trust, transparency, traceability and accountability. It has the potential capabilities to solve the existing issues in data management. Recommendation ITU-T Y.4561 specifies the requirements, generic reference model, common capabilities, and procedures of blockchain-based data management.

Blockchain is an emerging technology, its most important characteristics are traceable, un-erasable, immutable, and time-stamped. It is able to efficiently ensure integrity, authenticity, and auditability for all transactions. Blockchain has important impacts and benefits for data exchange and sharing in support of Internet of things (IoT) and smart cities and communities (SC&C). In most of the IoT and SC&C scenarios, it is necessary to ensure data processing, circulation, sharing and management for all trust operations. Blockchain technologies can meet these needs. Recommendation ITU-T Y.4560 specifies the requirements, functional models, a platform, and deployment modes of blockchain-based data exchange and sharing for supporting IoT and SC&C.

Smart parking lots (SPLs) integrate parking information to enable the coordination of parking facilities within smart cities. SPLs work with other systems to provide various parking services. This Recommendation specifies the requirements and functional architecture for SPLs. The scope of this Recommendation includes: introduction of SPLs; requirements for SPL; Functional architecture of SPL. For use cases of SPL see Appendix I. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation.

This Recommendation introduces the concept of blockchain-based unified key performance indicator data management for smart sustainable cities (BKDMS), analyses its common characteristics and high-level requirements, defines a reference architecture of BKDMS and relevant common capabilities，gives a common data structure of KPIs according to the KPIs definition of the ITU-T Y.4900 series.The scope of this Recommendation does not include:• The KPIs definition.• The KPI data value and scope.• Specific technical implementation mechanism of blockchain.

The ultimate objective of this Recommendation is to enhance the sustainability of identified priority sectors in smart cities, in order to optimise economic, environmental and social benefits.Cities will decide on their digital transformation priorities. For example, cities might also want to encourage collaboration to deliver desired outcomes.This kind of engagement based on the assessment framework can incentivize industry engagement and investment.Recommendation ITU-T Y.4906 contains the following:1) Introduction of the assessment framework and its components2) Identification of indicators - Examples of categories of indicators to assist in this objective for the assessment frameworks include:- Digital infrastructure;- Digital transformation initiatives for sectors;- Collaboration efforts on digital transformation;- Economic, environmental and social benefits according to sector digital transformation.3) Sector assessment and analysis