Smart and Sustainable Cities

This extension has been created by investigating resources from potential stakeholders of the ontology, such as standardization bodies (e.g. Open Geospatial Consortium), associations (e.g. Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces), IoT platforms (e.g. FIWARE) and European projects and initiatives (e.g. ISA2 programme, as reported in ETSI TR 103 506)

The interfaces and data structures required to exchange sensing-related information in order to increase interoperability between sensors and their clients developed by different manufacturers are defined in this standard. The logical interface and supporting data structures are defined abstractly without constraining the sensing technology, client design, or data link between sensor and client. The entities involved and parameters exchanged in this process. It further elaborates on the service access points, service primitives, as well as generic procedures used to realize this information exchange, are defined by this standard.

This standard defines a vendor-independent set of policy-based control architectures and corresponding policy language requirements for managing the functionality and behavior of dynamic spectrum access networks.

A vendor-independent generalized method for modeling spectrum consumption of any type of use of radio frequency spectrum and the attendant computations for arbitrating the compatibility among models are defined in this standard. The methods of modeling are chosen to support the development of tractable algorithms for determining the compatibility between models and for performing various spectrum management tasks that operate on a plurality of models. The modeling methods are exclusively focused on capturing spectrum use but are defined in a schema that can be joined with other schemata related to spectrum management.

A vendor-independent policy language for managing the functionality and behavior of dynamic spectrum access networks based on the language requirements defined in IEEE Std 1900.5(TM), IEEE Standard Policy Language Requirements and System Architectures for Dynamic Spectrum Access Systems, is defined in this standard.

Interfaces and service access points defined in IEEE Std 1900.4TM are described in detail, enabling distributed decision making in heterogeneous wireless networks and obtaining context information for this decision making.

Definitions and explanations of key concepts in the fields of spectrum management, spectrum trading, cognitive radio, dynamic spectrum access, policy-based radio systems, software defined radio, and related advanced radio system technologies are provided. Beyond simple, short definitions, amplifying text explaining these terms in the context of the technologies that use them is provided. Also described is how these technologies interrelate and create new capabilities while at the same time providing mechanisms supportive of new spectrum management paradigms.

ISO 29481-2:2012 specifies a methodology and format for describing coordination acts' between actors in a building construction project during all life cycle stages. It therefore specifies a methodology that describes an interaction framework, an appropriate way to map responsibilities and interactions that provides a process context for information flow, a format in which the interaction framework should be specified. ISO 29481-2:2012 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used in the construction process, to promote digital collaboration between actors in the building construction process, and to provide a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable, and high-quality information exchange.

Physical (PHY) and media access control (MAC) layers of the medium frequency band (less than 12 MHz) broadband power line communication technology for smart grid applications (SGPLC) based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) are specified in this standard. The necessary security requirements that assure communication privacy and allow use for mission critical and security sensitive services and applications are addressed in this standard. The coexistence with other technologies based on IEEE Std 1901(TM)-2010 also are addressed. The approach that is geared towards achieving an extended communication range with medium speeds in comparison with the existing power line communication technologies operating in similar frequency bands is defined in this standard.

Physical (PHY) and media access control (MAC) layers of a broadband powerline communication technology for local area networks (LANs), Smart Energy, Smart Grid, Internet of Things, transportation platforms (vehicle) applications, and other data distribution are defined in this standard. The balanced and efficient use of the power line communications channel by all classes of BPL devices is the main focus of this standard, defining detailed mechanisms for coexistence and interoperability between different BPL devices, and ensuring that desired bandwidth and quality of service may be delivered. The necessary security questions are addressed to ensure the privacy of communications between users and to allow the use of BPL for security sensitive services.

Protocols to support advanced content delivery capability in next generation service overlay networks including content delivery (CD) functional entity (FE), service routing (SR) FE, service policy decision (SPD) FE, service discovery and negotiation (SDN) FE, and context information management (CIM) FE are specified in this standard. Content discovery, content cache and storage management, content delivery control, and transport QoS control, including contextaware and dynamically adaptive content delivery operations, are supported by the content delivery capability.

A common framework for sensor performance specification terminology, units, conditions, and limits is provided. Specifically, the accelerometer, magnetometer, gyrometer/ gyroscope, accelerometer/magnetometer/gyroscope combination sensors, barometer/pressure sensors, hygrometer/humidity sensors, temperature sensors, light sensors (ambient and RGB), and proximity sensors are discussed.