Standard

This document specifies the general principles for presenting views, sections and cuts applicable to various kinds of technical drawings (e.g. mechanical, electrical, architectural, civil engineering), following the orthographic projection methods specified in ISO 5456-2. Views and sections for shipbuilding technical drawings are discussed in ISO 128-15. Views and sections for 3D models are discussed in ISO 16792. Attention has also been given in this document to the requirements of reproduction, including microcopying in accordance with ISO 6428.

This document specifies a digital form for representing electronic documents to enable users to exchange and view electronic documents independent of the environment in which they were created or the environment in which they are viewed or printed. It is intended for developers of software that creates PDF files (PDF writers), software that reads existing PDF files and (usually) interprets their contents for display (PDF readers), software that reads and displays PDF content and interacts with the computer users to possibly modify and save the PDF file (interactive PDF processors) and PDF products that read and/or write PDF files for a variety of other purposes (PDF processors). (PDF writers and PDF readers are more specialised classifications of interactive PDF processors and all are PDF processors).

The human information data model for VR-based smart cities is defined to represent human-related information in 3D virtual environments. It defines concepts, a data model, and how to integrate 3D virtual worlds and information related to sensors that people carry with them. It defines an exchangeable information data model necessary for transferring and storing human information in 3D virtual smart cities. This document will specify:- Representation of human information in a 3D virtual smart city.- Representation of human information with sensors in a 3D virtual smart city.- Representation of human semantic and physiological information for a 3D virtual smart city.- Definition of an interchangeable data model for human information for a VR smart city.

This document deals with the tool capabilities and methods for model-based systems and software engineering (MBSSE). This document:(1) specifies a reference model for the overall structure and processes of MBSSE-specific processes, and describes how the components of the reference model fit together;(2) specifies interrelationships between the components of the reference model;(3) specifies MBSSE-specific processes for model-based systems and software engineering; the processes are described in terms of purpose, inputs, outcomes and tasks;(4) specifies methods to support the defined tasks of each process; and(5) specifies tool capabilities to automate or semi-automate tasks or methods.This document does not bring any additional life cycle processes for system and software but specifies an MBSSE reference model considered as activities, not only from the life cycle perspectives of systems engineering problem solving and the system-of-interest evolution, but also from the cognitive perspectives of modelling and model management, which can sustain and facilitate the system and software life cycle processes during digital transformation and in the digital age. The processes defined in this document are applicable for a single project, as well as for an organization performing multiple projects or an enterprise. These processes are applicable for managing and performing the systems and software engineering activities based on models within any stage in the life cycle of a system-of-interest.

Measurable, testable levels of transparency, so that autonomous systems can be objectively assessed, and levels of compliance determined, are described in this standard.

This standard specifies a functional architecture that supports the energy-efficient transmission and processing of large volumes of data, starting at processing nodes close to the data source, with significant processing resources provided at centralized data centers.

This standard provides a framework for organization and use of new patient biomedical files containing medical imaging and imaging biomarker information for use in big data cloud-based augmented intelligence systems. In addition, this standard defines 3D digital topological mapping of information and data to human macroanatomy and microanatomy. Included in this standard are requirements to assure compliance with ethical design and value-based design standards to assure (1) patient data security with full access, sharing, and user control of their personal data; and (2) protection of the professional fiduciary relationships between physicians and patients.

This standard defines a big data governance, metadata management and machine-readable reference architecture to enable scalability, findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability of datasets among corporate heterogenous and cross-domain repositories. The standard focuses on achieving data interoperability by utilizing persistent identifiers (PIDs) to enable:(1) a standard metadata registry for data discovery using a machine-readable format,(2) a standard data type registry for data consumption using a machine-actionable format, and(3) standard end-point services to convert data values between different types.

This document provides guidance on how organizations that develop, produce, deploy or use products, systems and services that utilize artificial intelligence (AI) can manage risk specifically related to AI. The guidance also aims to assist organizations to integrate risk management into their AI-related activities and functions. It moreover describes processes for the effective implementation and integration of AI risk management. The application of this guidance can be customized to any organization and its context.

This document is the first of a family of standards. ISO 19155:2012 specifies an architecture that defines a reference model with an encoding method for an identifier of a place. The concept of _place_ within ISO 19155:2012 includes _places_ not only in the real world but also those in the virtual world. These _places_ are identified using either coordinate identifiers, geographic identifiers, or virtual world identifiers such as URI. In ISO 19155:2012, an identifier of a place is referred to as a Place Identifier (PI). The reference model defines a mechanism to match multiple Place Identifiers to the same place. In addition, a data structure and set of service interfaces are also defined in this reference model. ISO 19155:2012 is applicable to location based services, emergency management services and other application domains that require a common architecture, across specific domains, for the representation of place descriptions using coordinate, geographic, or virtual world identifiers.

This document defines a conceptual schema for observations, for features involved in the observation process, and for features involved in sampling when making observations. These provide models for the exchange of information describing observation acts and their results, both within and between different scientific and technical communities. Observations commonly involve sampling of an ultimate feature-of-interest. This document defines a common set of sample types according to their spatial, material (for ex situ observations) or statistical nature. The schema includes relationships between sample features (sub-sampling, derived samples). This document concerns only externally visible interfaces and places no restriction on the underlying implementations other than what is needed to satisfy the interface specifications in the actual situation.

This document is the first of a family of standards. This document establishes the principles for describing the quality of geographic data. It:(a) defines a well-considered system of components for describing data quality;(b) defines the process for defining additional, domain-specific components for describing data quality;(c) specifies components and the content structure of data quality measures;(d) describes general procedures for evaluating the quality of geographic data; and(e) establishes principles for reporting data quality.This document is applicable to data producers providing quality information to describe and assess how well a dataset conforms to its product specification and to data users attempting to determine whether or not specific geographic data are of sufficient quality for their particular application. This document does not attempt to define minimum acceptable levels of quality for geographic data. Such information is usually present as a requirement in a data product specification, defined in accordance with ISO 19131, for example.