ISO/IEC

This document specifies a general Internet of Things (IoT) Reference Architecture.

This part of ISO/IEC 15459 specifies a unique string of characters for the identification of individual products and product packages. The character string is intended to be represented in a linear bar code symbol or two-dimensional symbol or other AIDC media attached to the entity to meet management needs. To address management needs different classes of identities are recognized in the various parts of ISO/IEC 15459, which allows different requirements to be met by the identities associated with each class.

This part of ISO/IEC 15459 specifies a unique string of characters for the identification of groupings of products, product packages, transport units and items. The character string is intended to be represented in a linear bar code symbol and two-dimensional symbol or other AIDC media attached to the entity to meet management needs and/or regulatory needs (e.g. customs clearance). To address these needs different types of identifiers are recognized in the various parts of ISO/IEC 15459, which allows different requirements to be met by the unique identifiers associated within the context of the specific parts of ISO/IEC 15459.
The unique identifiers for grouping or products, product packages, transport units and items enables grouping by e.g. type, characteristics, order, manufacturing, quality, location, movement, etc. to be uniquely identified. It is possible to use with other unique individual identifiers defined in other parts of ISO/IEC 15459. Encoding these unique identifiers in a data carrier enables information about the item processing to be clearly identified.
The identity for groupings is intended for “look-up” purposes, and cannot be directly used as an entity identity in the strictest sense of the definition as used, for example, in ISO/IEC 15459-1, ISO/IEC 15459-4, and ISO/IEC 15459-5.

This document specifies a transfer structure, syntax, and coding of messages and data formats when using high-capacity ADC media between trading partners (specifically between suppliers and recipients) and, where applicable, in support of carrier applications, such as bills of lading, and carrier sortation and tracking.
The data encoded according to this document include:
— data which can be used in the shipping, receiving and inventory of transport units;
— data which can be contained within supporting documentation, in paper or electronic form, related to unit loads or transport packages;
— data which can be used in the sortation and tracking of transport units.
This document describes the ISO/IEC 646 characters used for automatic data capture; it is not the controlling specification for data structures (e.g. CII) referenced in this International Standard.
This document does not supersede or replace any applicable safety or other marking or labelling requirements. It is intended to be applied in addition to any other mandated labelling requirements.

This part of ISO/IEC 15426 defines test methods and minimum accuracy criteria applicable to verifiers using the methodologies of ISO/IEC 15415 for multi-row bar code symbols and two-dimensional matrix symbologies, and specifies reference calibration standards against which these should be tested. This part of ISO/IEC 15426 provides for testing of representative samples of the equipment.
NOTE Part 1 of ISO/IEC 15426 applies to verifiers for linear bar code symbols.

This International Standard applies to automatic identification device communication conventions and standardizes the reporting of data carriers from bar code readers and other automatic identification equipment. It specifies a preamble message generated by the reader and interpretable by the receiving system, which indicates the bar code symbology or other origin of transmitted data, together with details of certain specified optional processing features associated with the data message.

This International standard:
- specifies sets of Data Identifiers and Application Identifiers for the purpose of identifying
encoded data;
- identifies the organisations responsible for their maintenance.

This document
 specifies two methodologies for the measurement of specific attributes of two-dimensional bar code symbols, one of these being applicable to multi-row bar code symbologies and the other to two-dimensional matrix symbologies;
 defines methods for evaluating and grading these measurements and deriving an overall assessment of symbol quality;
 gives information on possible causes of deviation from optimum grades to assist users in taking appropriate corrective action.
This document applies to those two-dimensional symbologies for which a reference decode algorithm has been defined, but its methodologies can be applied partially or wholly to other similar symbologies.

Note While this document may be applied to direct part marks, it is possible that better correlation between measurement results and scanning performance will be obtained with ISO/IEC 29158 in combination with this document.

This part of standards presents an overview of interoperable IoT systems and framework for
interoperability to ensure information exchanges in such that the information is understood and can be efficiently processed to support peer-to-peer interoperability of IoT systems and seamless
communication among IoT system entities.

This document presents a conceptual model for network connection interoperability and requirements for interoperable IoT systems to enable information exchange, peer-to-peer connectivity and seamless communication both between different IoT systems and also between entities within an IoT system.
Interoperability in communication can be achieved at various levels of abstraction, from custom integration to plug-and-play interfaces. This document describes:
- Network connection framework, interfaces and requirements between IoT systems;
- Network connection framework, interfaces and requirements within an IoT system

This document provides the basic concepts for IoT systems semantic interoperability, as
described in the facet model of ISO/IEC 21823 -1, including:
– requirements of the core ontologies for semantic interoperability;
– best practices and guidance on how to use ontologies and to develop domain-specific
applications, including the need to allow for extensibility and connection to external
ontologies;
– cross-domain specification and formalization of ontologies to provide harmonized
utilization of existing ontologies;
– relevant IoT ontologies along with comparative study of the characteristics and
approaches in terms of modularity, extensibility, reusability, scalability, interoperability
with upper ontologies, and so on, and;
– use cases and service scenarios that exhibit necessities and requirements of semantic
interoperability.

This part of standard specifies the IoT interoperability from a syntactic point of view. In ISO/IEC 21823-1: Framework [2], five facets are described for IoT interoperability, i.e. transport, semantic, syntactic, behavioural and policy. In this document, the following specifications for IoT interoperability from a syntactic viewpoint are included;
– A p rinciple of how to achieve syntactic interoperability among IoT systems which include
IoT devices
– Requirements on information related to IoT devices for syntactic interoperability
– A framework for processes on developing information exchange rules related to IoT devices from the syntactic viewpoint