This standard defines the Software-Defined Quantum Communication (SDQC) protocol that enables configuration of quantum endpoints in a communication network in order to dynamically create, modify, or remove quantum protocols or applications. This protocol resides at the application layer and communicates over Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. The protocol design facilitates future integration with Software-Defined Networking and Open Networking Foundation OpenFlow. The standard defines a set of quantum device configuration commands that control the transmission, reception, and operation of quantum states. These device commands contain parameters that describe quantum state preparation, measurement, and readout.
Recommendation ITU-T X.1712 specifies security threats and security requirements for key management in quantum key distribution networks (QKDNs), and then it specifies security measures of key management to meet the security requirements. This Recommendation provides support for design, implementation, and operation of key management in QKDN with approved security.
For quantum key distribution networks (QKDN), Recommendation ITU-T X.sec_QKDN_intrq specifies security requirements for integration of QKDN with various user networks (e.g., storage, cloud, sensor, content, etc.).
The present document specifies protection of QKD modules against Trojan horse attacks launched against a time-varying phase, polarisation or intensity modulator that encodes or decodes at least one of bit values, basis values or the intensities of signal, decoy or vacuum states from the quantum channel.
To realize secure, stable, efficient, and robust operations of and services by a quantum key distribution (QKD) network as well as to manage a QKD network (QKDN) as a whole and support user network management, Recommendation ITU-T Y.3804 specifies functions and procedures for QKDN control and management based on the requirements specified in Recommendation ITU-T Y.3801.
Recommendation ITU-T Y.3802 defines a functional architecture model of quantum key distribution (QKD) networks. In order to realize this model, it specifies detailed functional elements and reference points, architectural configurations and basic operational procedures of QKD networks (QKDN).
In the context of quantum key distribution networks (QKDNs), Recommendation ITU-T Y.3801 specifies the functional requirements for quantum layer, the key management layer, the QKDN control layer and the QKDN management layer.
Mobile and fixed networks are evolving towards ultra-broadband and, with 5G, are going to converge. The use of much broader frequency ranges, up to 60 GHz, where radio propagation is an issue, is going to impact the network deployment topologies. In particular, the use of higher frequencies and the need to cover hot/black spots and indoor locations, will make it necessary to deploy much denser amount of radio nodes. 5G is introducing major improvements on Massive MIMO, IoT, low latency, unlicensed spectrum, and with V2x for the vehicular market. Support of some of these services will have a relevant effect on the power ratings and the energy consumption at the radio base station. A major new service area of 5G impacting the powering and backup will be the URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication) as its support will increase the service availability demands by many orders of magnitude. Supporting such high availability goals will be partly reached through redundant network coverage, but a main support will have to come through newly designed powering architectures. This will be made even more challenging as 5G will require the widespread introduction of distributed small cells. ETSI TS 110 174-2-2 [i.5] analyses the implications and indicates possible solutions to fulfil such high demanding availability goals. There is a need to define sustainable and smart powering solutions, able to adapt to the present mobile network technologies and able to evolve to adapt to their evolution. The flexibility would be needed at level of power interface, power consumption, architecture tolerant to power delivery point changes and including control-monitoring. This means that it should include from the beginning appropriate modularity and reconfiguration features for local powering and energy storage and for remote powering solutions including power lines sizing, input and output conversion power and scalable sources. The present document was developed jointly by ETSI TC EE and ITU-T Study Group 5. It is published respectively by ITU and ETSI as Recommendation ITU-T L.1210 [i.7] and ETSI ES 203 700 (the present document), which are technically-equivalent.
The responsibility of SA WG6 includes the following: definition, evolution and maintenance of Stage 2 technical specification(s) for application layer functional elements and interfaces supporting critical communications and other applications (at the application layer), based on Stage 1 service requirements from SA1, including:
Relevant application architectural aspects (including both network and terminal aspects)
Definition of reference points for interactions between application functional elements
Allocation of application functions to particular subsystems and elements
Generating information flows between reference points within scope
Identification of application layer protocols
Necessary support for enabling interworking with non-3GPP applications
Identify and provide application level functional requirements to other 3GPP WGs, according to their expertise, where additional functionality needs to be specified that impacts existing architecture, reference points, interfaces, protocols or transport bearer capabilities provided by the 3GPP-based system (e.g. IMS, EPS, ProSe)
Within the 3GPP Technical Specification Group Service and System Aspects (TSG SA), the main objectives of 3GPP TSG SA WG5 (SA5) are Management, Orchestration and Charging for 3GPP systems. Both functional and service perspectives are covered.
TSG SA WG5 is currently responsible for:
Management and Orchestration which covers aspects such as operation, assurance, fulfilment and automation, including management interaction with entities external to the network operator (e.g. service providers and verticals).
Charging covers aspects such as Quota Management and Charging Data Records (CDRs) generation, related to end-user and service-provider.
TSG SA WG5 specifies Management, Orchestration and Charging requirements, solutions and protocol-specific definitions. The solutions include architecture, service definitions and data definitions.
TSG SA WG5 is committed to engaging in Management, Orchestration and Charging aspects of supporting new services for public and non-public networks.
TSG SA WG5 coordinates with other 3GPP WGs and all relevant Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs), industry fora and Market Representation Partners (MRPs) as well as Open Source communities in the specification work pertinent to Management, Orchestration and Charging.
A key characteristic of existing and emerging networks is the use of a smart transport including its softwarization/virtualization for supporting applications and services with varied QoS/QoE requirements, all of which must be supported by this smart transport. Appropriate mechanisms are needed to achieve the required levels of QoS/QoE, especially for applications that are latency- and loss-sensitive. Some applications may also require a large amount of bandwidth and strict quality assurance, which makes the support for QoS/QoE challenging, in particular under a softwarized/virtualised network environment.
