This document specifies the syntax and semantics of description schemes to represent data exchanged by media things (e.g., media sensors, media actuators, media analysers, media storages). Moreover, it specifies the APIs to exchange these data between media things. This document does not specify how sensing and analysing is carried out but defines the interfaces between the media things.
ISO 10303-21:2016 specifies an exchange format that allows product data described in the EXPRESS language to be transferred from one computer system to another. ISO 10303-21:2016 adds anchor, reference and signature sections to support external references, support for compressed exchange structures in an archive, digital signatures and UTF-8 character encoding.
ISO/IEC 14496-16:2011 specifies MPEG-4 Animation Framework eXtension (AFX) model for representing and encoding 3D graphics assets to be used standalone or integrated in interactive multimedia presentations (the latter when combined with other parts of MPEG-4). Within this model, MPEG-4 is extended with higher-level synthetic objects for geometry, texture, and animation as well as dedicated compressed representations.
ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 specifies how tests can be designed to verify whether compressed data (i.e. bitstreams) and decoders meet the requirements for the synthetic 3D graphics tools specified in ISO/IEC 14496‑11:2005, ISO/IEC 14496‑16:2006, ISO/IEC 14496‑21:2006, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25:2009. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 does not specifically address encoders. As far as synthetic 3D graphics are concerned, an encoder can be said to be an ISO/IEC 14496 encoder if it generates compressed data compliant with the syntactic and semantic bitstream payload requirements specified in ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25. Characteristics of coded bitstreams and decoders are defined for ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25. The characteristics of a bitstream define the subset of the standard that is exploited in the bitstream. Examples are the applied values or range of the bitrate. Decoder characteristics define the properties and capabilities of the applied decoding process. An example of a property is the applied arithmetic accuracy. The capabilities of a decoder specify which coded bitstreams the decoder can decode and reconstruct, by defining the subset of the standard that may be exploited in decodable bitstreams. A bitstream can be decoded by a decoder if the characteristics of the coded bitstream are within the subset of the normative references. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 describes procedures for testing conformance of compressed data and decoders to the requirements defined in ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25; given the set of characteristics claimed, the requirements that shall be met are fully determined by these parts. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 summarizes the requirements, cross references them to characteristics, and defines how conformance with them can be tested. Guidelines are given on constructing tests to verify decoder conformance.
ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 specifies a metadata system for describing multimedia content. ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 specifies the Multimedia Description Schemes (MDS) description tools (Description Schemes, Descriptors, and datatypes) that comprise ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 by specifying the normative syntax of each description tool using Description Definition Language (DDL) (see ISO/IEC 15938-2) and the normative semantics including semantics of each component of each description tool (attributes and elements). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 also provides informative examples that illustrate the instantiation of description tools in creating descriptions conforming to ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003.
ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines the following basic elements: schema tools (the root element, top-level types, description metadata, and packages), basic datatypes (integers, reals, vectors, matrices), linking and media localization tools (spatial and temporal localization), basic description tools (language, text, classification schemes). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines the following content description tools, which describe the features of the multimedia content and the immutable metadata related to the multimedia content: structure description tools (spatio-temporal segments of multimedia content) and semantic description tools (""real-world"" semantics related to or captured by the multimedia content, including objects, events, concepts, and so forth). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines additionally the following description tools for content metadata: media description (storage format, encoding), creation and production (title, creator, classification, purpose), and usage (access rights, publication). The content description and metadata tools are related in the sense that the content description tools use the content metadata tools. For example, a description of creation and production or media information can be attached to an individual video or video segment in order to describe the structure and creation and production of the multimedia content. ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 also defines description tools for navigation and access (browsing, summarization), content organization (collections and models), and user interaction (user preferences pertaining to consumption of multimedia and usage history). Finally, ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines classification schemes, which organize terms that are used by the description tools.
This document specifies extensions to existing scene description formats in order to support MPEG media, in particular immersive media. MPEG media includes but is not limited to media encoded with MPEG codecs, media stored in MPEG containers, MPEG media and application formats as well as media provided through MPEG delivery mechanisms. Extensions include scene description format syntax and semantics and the processing model when using these extensions by a Presentation Engine. It also defines a Media Access Function (MAF) API for communication between the Presentation Engine and the Media Access Function for these extensions. While the extensions defined in this document can be applicable to other scene description formats, they are provided for ISO/IEC 12113.
ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 forms an informative part of ISO/IEC 15938 on extraction and use of metadata descriptions for multimedia content. ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 provides two types of information: informative examples that illustrate the instantiation of description tools in creating descriptions conforming to ISO/IEC 15938; and detailed technical information on extracting descriptions automatically from multimedia content and using them in multimedia applications. ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 is a companion for ISO/IEC 15938-3 (Visual) and ISO/IEC 15938-5 (Multimedia Description Schemes), which provide normative definitions of the description tools. Effort has been made in this Technical Report to preserve the subclause numbering of ISO/IEC 15938-3 and ISO/IEC 15938-5 to allow easy mapping of the information on extraction and use with those technical specifications.
This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding for visual volumetric media using video‑based coding methods. This document also specifies processes that can be needed for reconstruction of visual volumetric media, which can also include additional processes such as post‑decoding, pre-reconstruction, post‑reconstruction and adaptation.
This document specifies a video coding technology known as essential video coding (EVC), which contains syntax format, semantics and an associated decoding process. The decoding process is designed to guarantee that all EVC decoders conform to a specified combination of capabilities known as the profile, level and toolset. Any decoding process that produces identical cropped decoded output pictures to those produced by the described process is considered to be in conformance with the requirements of this document. This document is designed to cover a wide range of application, including but not limited to digital storage media, television broadcasting and real-time communications.
This recommendation - International Standard provides accompanying reference software for ISO/IEC 23090-9 as an electronic attachment. The use of this reference software is not required for making an implementation of an encoder or decoder in conformance to ISO/IEC 23090-9. Requirements established in ISO/IEC 23090-9 take precedence over the behavior of the reference software.
Based on ISO/IEC 21823-1, this document provides the basic concepts for IoT systems and digital twin systems behavioral and policy interoperability. This includes - requirements - guidance on how to identify points of interoperability - guidance on how to express behavioral and policy information on capabilities - guidance on how to achieve trustworthiness interoperability, and - use cases and examples.
ISO/IEC 21823-3:2021 provides the basic concepts for IoT systems semantic interoperability, as described in the facet model of ISO/IEC 21823-1, including:
(1) requirements of the core ontologies for semantic interoperability;
(2) best practices and guidance on how to use ontologies and to develop domain-specific applications, including the need to allow for extensibility and connection to external ontologies;
(3) cross-domain specification and formalization of ontologies to provide harmonized utilization of existing ontologies;
(4) relevant IoT ontologies along with comparative study of the characteristics and approaches in terms of modularity, extensibility, reusability, scalability, interoperability with upper ontologies, and so on; and
(5) use cases and service scenarios that exhibit necessities and requirements of semantic interoperability.
