Web 4.0 and virtual worlds

A framework of blockchain-based Internet of Things (IoT ) data management is defined in this standard. It identifies the common building blocks of the framework that blockchain enabled during IoT data lifecycle including data acquisition, processing, storage, analyzing, usage/exchange and obsoletion, and the interactions among these building blocks.

This document defines terms for identity management, and specifies core concepts of identity and identity management and their relationships. It is applicable to any information system that processes identity information.

This standard can be applied to internet-based business scenarios, and can also be served serve as a practical guide to achieve help assess business security risk control through the big data technology. This standard can be applied in other types of organization, including public or privately-owned or state-owned enterprises, associations, or organizations, or by individuals, to improve assessment of their protection capability against business security risks based on big data technology.

This standard establishes a practical, technical baseline of specific methodologies and tools for the development, implementation, and use of effective fail-safe mechanisms in autonomous and semi-autonomous systems. The standard includes (but is not limited to): clear procedures for measuring, testing, and certifying a system's ability to fail safely on a scale from weak to strong, and instructions for improvement in the case of unsatisfactory performance. The standard serves as the basis for developers, as well as users and regulators, to design fail-safe mechanisms in a robust, transparent, and accountable manner.

Blockchain-based digital assets exist in a specific system in the form of digitization. Considering the diversity of blockchain systems and applications, as well as the diversity of digital assets in these systems and applications, digital assets based on blockchain systems have typical characteristics such as intangibility, encryption verification mechanism, use of distributed ledgers, decentralization, consensus algorithms, etc. For better classification and management, this standard provides a unified classification method for blockchain digital assets for reference. This standard proposes the principles and methods for the classification of blockchain-based digital assets. This standard follows the principles of scientificity, systematicness and scalability, and proposes an attribute-based classification method for blockchain digital assets, whose classification attributes include technical attributes, economic attributes and legal attributes.

The technical architecture and details of three cross-chain approaches is described in this standard, including Centralized/Multi-signature Notary-based cross-chain technology, HTLC-based cross chain technology and Relay Chain-based cross-chain technology.

This standard defines a set of protocols that enable Blockchain networks to locate each other's trusted nodes through standardized names. The set of protocols define a naming scheme, an interface for name registration, and the data format that request and response messages use to resolve names.

This standard defines the types of occupations, competency requirements, and evaluation methods of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for service practitioners, including but not limited to competency elements, evaluated process, and employment grade. This standard applies to the ability evaluation and training of blockchain and distributed ledger technology service practitioners.

The standard establishes access control requirements for blockchain systems. The standard addresses the following access control attributes of the system, including but not limited to:a) Node permissions - the permissions of block generation, block synchronization, block verification and broadcasting, and sending transactions.b) Smart contract access permissions - interface access control, user access control, and hybrid access control.c) User permissions - registered user permissions and unregistered permissions. The concept of role is applied to differentiate the permissions of registered users, which means permissions vary according to the role of a user.d) Global permissions - user access to deploy smart contracts, and to read smart contracts.

This standard defines a decentralized identity and access management (IAM) framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) based on the emerging concepts such as decentralized identifiers (DIDs) and verifiable credentials (VCs). The framework addresses the integration of DIDs and VCs into the lifecycle of IoT devices as well as the decentralized IoT security services such as device authentication, data authorization and access control.

This deliverable specifies quality measures for quantitatively measuring quality characteristics of sensor data, where these characteristics are specified by ISO 8000-210. The following are within the scope of this deliverable:(1) fundamental principles and assumptions for measuring the quality of sensor data; and(2) quality measures for sensor data, with respect to applicable quality characteristics and corresponding data anomalies.The following are outside the scope of this deliverable:(3) specific values for each measure, where the value indicates a distinction between, for example, good quality and poor quality; and(4) methods to improve the quality of sensor data.

ISO 14306:2017 defines the syntax and semantics of a file format for the 3D visualization and interrogation of lightweight geometry and product manufacturing information derived from CAD systems, using visualization software tools that do not need the full capability of a CAD system. ISO 14306:2017 has been adopted as a 3D visualization capability in addition to the ISO 10303 series. The file format supports the following information:(1) facet information (triangles), stored with geometry compression techniques(2) visual attributes such as lights, textures and materials(3) product manufacturing information, such as dimensions, tolerances and other attributes(4) boundary representation (b-rep) solid model shape representations. Several alternatives are available, including a representation based on the geometry standard defined in ISO 10303(5) configuration representations(6) delivery methods such as asynchronous streaming of content ISO 14306:2017 does not specify the implementation of, or definition of a run-time architecture for viewing or processing of the file format.