IoT Internet of Things

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SmartM2M; IoT Standards landscape and future evolutions

The scope of the present document is to provide an overview of the IoT standards landscape: requirements, architecture, protocols, tests, etc. to provide the roadmaps of the IoT standards, when they are available

Security requirements and framework for narrowband Internet of things

Recommendation ITU-T X.1364 analyses potential deployment schemes and typical application scenarios for narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT). It specifies security threats and requirements specific to the NB-IoT deployments and establishes a security framework for the operator to safeguard new NB-IoT technology applications. Current developments in telecommunication technology in the mobile communication domain, are leading to changes in communication patterns from person-to-person to person-to-thing and thing-to-thing, making inevitable the evolution to the Internet of things. Compared to short distance communication technologies such as Bluetooth, ZigBee and others, cellular mobile networks characterized by wide coverage, mobility and extensive connections that bring richer application scenarios will become the main interconnection technology of IoT. NB-IoT is based on cellular mobile network technology, using a bandwidth of approximately only 180 KHz. It may be deployed on global system for mobile communication (GSM) networks, universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) networks or long-term evolution (LTE) networks directly to reduce costs and achieve a smooth upgrade. Based on its low power dissipation, wide coverage, low cost and high capacity, NB-IoT is expected to be massively adopted by operators with wide application in multiple vertical industries. As a new technology, NB-IoT has its own characteristics that may bring new security issues. In order to ensure security of NB-IoT deployments and applications, security threats and relevant security requirements specific to NB-IoT need to be analysed and an overall security framework for NB-IoT needs to be established.

Overview of Internet of Things

This recommendation provides an overview of the Internet of things (IoT). It clarifies the concept and scope of the IoT, identifies the fundamental characteristics and high-level requirements of the IoT and describes the IoT reference model. The ecosystem and business models are also provided in an informative appendix.

Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) - Part 3-3: Aspects of application - HBES Interworking model and common HBES data types

This European Standard gives general guidelines and recommendations to ensure interworking between HBES devices made by different manufacturers. It also contains design guidelines for the design of Functional Blocks and new datapoint types, the building blocks of HBES interworking. In this way, the standard can be used as a basis to design application specifications relative to an Application Domain. If designed and supported by a large group of manufacturers, such application specifications will ensure to end customers a high degree of interoperability between products based on the HBES Communication System of different manufacturers. This European Standard is used as a product family standard. It is not intended to be used as a stand alone standard.

EN 50090-3-3:2009

Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) - Part 7-1: System management - Management procedures

This international standard establishes general principles for network- and device-management shared by and independent of the installation mode. The goal is to standardize the interaction, between a management client and a management server, that shall lead to the successful configuration of the devices. In this way, these management procedures thus specify the highest level communication requirements between a management client and a management server. These requirements specify: a) the sequence of messages that shall be exchanged between a management client and a management server, and b) the contents and interpretation of the transported data, and c) the action to take based on these data (setting internal resources, state machines, physical actions, …), and d) the error and exception handling. The management procedures base on the application layer services. Some management procedures solely base on the use of one or a sequence of dedicated application layer services to achieve the required goal. For these, the documents EN 50090-4-1 and EN 50090-4-2 provide sufficient information for the underlying mechanisms. Other management procedures additionally use the application layer services to access internal data in the management server to achieve the required goal. These data are laid down as objects as specified in EN 50090 3 2.

EN 50090-7-1:2004

Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) - Part 1: Standardization structure

This European Standard concentrates on control applications for Home and Building HBES Open Communication System and covers any combination of electronic devices linked via a digital transmission network. Home and Building Electronic System as provided by the HBES Open Communication System is a specialized form of automated, decentralised and distributed process control, dedicated to the needs of home and building applications. The EN 50090 series concentrates on HBES Open Communication System Class 1 and includes a specification for a communication network for Home and Building for example for the control of lighting, heating, food preparation, washing, energy management, water control, fire alarms, blinds control, different forms of security control, etc. This European Standard gives an overview of the features of the HBES Open Communication System and provides the reader with references to the different parts of EN 50090 series. This European Standard is used as a product family standard. It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone standard.

EN 50090-1:2011

Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M); Impact of Smart City Activity on IoT Environment

The present document would undertake compilation and review of activities taking place in the area of Smart City. It will analyse the relevance of Smart City applications, and possible underlying network architecture. The present document will describe use case descriptions for Smart City applications in context of but not limited to IoT communications.

Computational Storage TWG

The Computational Storage TWG was created for the purpose of establishing architectures and software for storage, disk, and solid state device based functionalities that allow them to be integrated with Computation in its many forms. This TWG creates software and standards that enable specific features for these devices that meet the requirements of stakeholders with these computational needs. 

CSTWG

Ben Francis

Fellow's country
Impact on SMEs (7th Open Call)
The standards developed through this project will enable SMEs to create products and services that participate in the open Web of Things ecosystem by enabling out-of-the-box interoperability between IoT implementations created by different vendors.
For example, Krellian intends to use these standards in the Krellian Hub Edge Computing product which consolidates multi-vendor building management (IoT) systems into a single standardised Data Interoperability interface, with data streamed in real-time to the Krellian Cloud Cloud Computing service which provides smart building analytics. Together these products help make commercial buildings smarter and more sustainable.
Impact on Society
The above is just one example of how the resulting standards could contribute to the wider EU goal of cutting greenhouse emissions by 90% by 2040. A recent study by Siemens revealed that 67% of businesses think net zero will be impossible without digitalisation, 63% think they're behind on digitalisation, and only 31% say they're making full use of the data they already have available. Data Interoperability on the Internet of Things is crucial to solving these problems.
Impact on society (7th Open Call)
The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered a "key enabler" standards development activity, but today's IoT is highly fragmented. There are hundreds of different IoT protocols and vendor-specific platforms which don't interoperate with each other. This lack of Data Interoperability makes it very hard to build integrated Cloud and Edge Computing solutions to create Smart and Sustainable Cities.
The Web of Things (WoT) seeks to counter the fragmentation of the Internet of Things (IoT) by using and extending existing, standardised Web technologies. By providing standardised metadata and other re-usable technological building blocks, W3C WoT enables easy integration across IoT platforms and application domains by improving Data Interoperability.
I support the standardisation of the essential building blocks needed to create an open ecosystem of multi-vendor web services, seamlessly linking together the current fragmented IoT systems which span the residential, commercial and industrial sectors that make up modern European cities. A more integrated Internet of Things could make a significant contribution to making our built environment smarter, safer and more sustainable.
Open Call
Organisation type
Organization
Krellian
Portrait Picture
Ben Francis
Proposal Title (7th Open Call)
Out-of-the-box Interoperability on the Web of Things
Role in SDO
Standards Development Organisation
StandICT.eu Year
2026
Topic (7th Open Call)

Torbjörn Lahrin

Description of Activities

Local Digital Twins will be a fundamental building block for CitiVerse. It will also play a crucial role for anyone in the public sector who wants to fully utilize the usage of AI.
Today, cities, regions and countries all over the world are building Local Digital Twins using various tools and approaches. Game engines, CAD tools, GIS, AR/VR/XR tools, Urban Digital Platforms, CIM and other visualisation tools are used. Thus a wide spread of technologies and standards. 
Interoperability for Local Digital Twins (LTD) is crucial. They need to fit horizontally and vertically. Horizontally is to put a LDT of one city next to a LDT of another city and make them align. Vertically, by example, a LDT produced by a city must fit LDT from public transportation and LDT by the energy company for the same geographical area, etc. 

European CitiVerse will be built upon Local Digital Twins. If separate Local Digital Twins in Europe don't fit together it will be impossible to create a seamless CitiVerse. It will also be difficult with interoperability between LDT:s. The LDT also needs interoperability versus dataspaces and IoT. For a LDT:s to be useful for officials and others, LDT:s need interoperability with the business operating systems used by officials on a daily basis. 

In this sense, in the framework of my fellowship, my JWG has sent a survey to many major LDT projects around the world, and we are now gathering the results and statistics.  The result will be a gap analysis and a technical report, which will enable advice to all relevant major SDO:s on how to develop or change their standards to fit better together. 

Country
Sweden
Fellow's country
Impact on SMEs (7th Open Call)
Investing in Local Digital Twins and CitiVerse is today rather challenging. All technologies for creating LDT:s or CitiVerse have their strengths and weaknesses. Any investment made today is therefore associated with a rather high degradation of uncertainty. Still, the SME:s and Europe must invest already now in these technologies to have a chance to be “on the train” and ahead in the competition. However, this also comes with a large risk that European SME:s and, in the broader scope, the European societies to some extent might find themselves investing in the “wrong” direction with techniques and methods that will not be long lasting.
To know what other actors are doing all around the world will help stakeholders to navigate and to invest in “right” directions with long term safer investments. Once we get an international reference architecture for LDT:s in place this will give even more security for those parties following the international standard.
Impact on SMEs (9th Open Call)
Investing in Metaverse and CitiVerse is today rather challenging. All technologies for creating Metaverse, CitiVerse and underlaying Local Digital Twins have strengths and weaknesses. Such investments are therefore associated with a rather high degrade of uncertainty. Still, the SME:s and European societies must invest already now in these technologies to have a chance to be “on the train” and ahead in the competition. Also for implementing various parts of CitiVerse related to EU calls. However, this come with a large risk investing in the “wrong” direction with technique and methods that will not be long lasting.
Because of this European SMEs and societies will benefit from the creation and coordination of standards for Metaverse. They will also benefit from gaining knowledge about the international standardization, as such knowledge will help SME:s and societies of Europe to navigate and to invest in “right” directions with long term safer investments.
Impact on society (9th Open Call)
The work is laying the foundation for uniting the world in how to build Local Digital Twins (Urban Digital Twins and City Information Modelling) and how to make these interoperable with each other both horizontal, vertical and towards underlaying data sets and daily operation systems of cities and other authorities. It is also paving the road for how Local Digital Twins can be used as the foundation for building CitiVerse.
Organization
Lahrin i Hajstorp AB
Portrait Picture
picture
Proposal Title (7th Open Call)
GAP Analysis, Reference Architecture and Ontology for Local Digital Twins
Proposal Title (9th Open Call)
JTC1 CG2 - Strategic Coordination Group on Metaverse
Gap analysis, reference architecture and ontology for local digital twins
Role in SDO
Standards Development Organisation
StandICT.eu Year
2026
2029
Year
Topic (7th Open Call)
Topic (9th Open Call)

Felix Freitag

Description of Activities

 The objective is to present LoRa mesh networks to the IRTF GAIA WG of the IETF. GAIA seeks technologies to connect the unconnected world, and with IRTF GAIA as a vehicle, we seek to start the standardisation activity of this new technology. 

Country
Spain
Fellow's country
Impact on SMEs (6th Open Call)
The contribution made within this fellowship adds value to the development of LoRa mesh network technology. SMEs may then feel more confident in adopting the technology.
Impact on society (6th Open Call)
The technology provides a permanent low-cost and low-energy routed multi-hop communication network with moderate data rates. LoRa mesh networks allow a new kind of distributed IoT applications in the long range IoT layer. One of the application areas of LoRa mesh networks is the emerging field of distributed embedded machine learning. LoRa mesh networks are not yet standardised. To initialise standardisation, we will introduce the LoRaMesh networks as a design and reference implementation.
Open Call
Organisation type
Organization
Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
Portrait Picture
Felix Freitag
Proposal Title (6th Open Call)
Advancing IoT Connectivity: Bringing LoRa Mesh Networks to the IRTF GAIA WG
Standards Development Organisation
Topic
Digital Product Passport
StandICT.eu Year
2026
2029
Year
Topic (6th Open Call)

Marios Angelopoulos

Description of Activities

My work in ITU addresses the priorities of the call pertaining to smart cities and communities, technologies and services for smart and efficient energy use, and citizen centric digital public services and EMC radiation. 

Fellow's country
Impact on SMEs (5th Open Call)
The development of international standards will help provide SMEs, policy makers and regulators with common references thus helping overcome market barriers such as technology fragmentation, thus promoting market growth.
Impact on SMEs (9th Open Call)
ITU-T Q5/20 studies emerging technologies and active work items include topics of high-relevance to European market, such as Digital Product Passports. The development of international standards will help provide European SMEs, policy makers and regulators with common references thus helping overcome market barriers such as technology fragmentation, thus promoting market growth.
Impact on society (5th Open Call)
A clear trend is being formed of moving from vertical energy management that distributes energy in a wired, centralized manner towards more open and distributed architectures adopted close to the edge of the population networks, which among other technologies also utilize the wireless power potential. In this new paradigm, energy will be distributed, shared and managed locally, thus closing the distance between citizens and the available energy sources.
Impact on society (9th Open Call)
The work items of Question 5 of ITU-T Study Group 20 collectively support significant societal impact by advancing the integration of intelligent, sustainable, and transparent digital systems. The development of standards such as the Digital Product Passport for ICT goods (Y.DPP-ICT and YSTR.OS-DPP-ICT) promotes circular economy practices, enabling traceability, sustainability, and responsible consumption. Initiatives like Y.CIP enhance public safety through metaverse-based emergency response systems for chemical industrial parks, leveraging immersive technologies for disaster preparedness and risk management. Frameworks for distributed intelligent computing (YSTR.DIC) and embodied artificial intelligence (YSTR.EAI) contribute to the evolution of smart sustainable cities by enabling efficient resource utilization and human-centric automation. Meanwhile, the Hybrid AI-based Oral Assessment Platform (YSTR.AIOAP) reflects the application of ethical AI in education and skills evaluation. Together, these efforts foster safer, smarter, and more sustainable digital societies aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Open Call
Organisation type
Organization
Professor of Networked and Sensing Systems, Bournemouth University
Portrait Picture
marios
Proposal Title (5th Open Call)
Leading the development of ITU standards for IoT and Metaverse in smart cities and communities
Proposal Title (9th Open Call)
Leading the development of ITU standards for IoT and Metaverse in smart cities and communities
Role in SDO
Standards Development Organisation
StandICT.eu Year
2026
Year
Topic (5th Open Call)
Topic (9th Open Call)