Data Centres

This document specifies application platform energy effectiveness (APEE) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) which quantifies the energy effectiveness of an application platform for an IT service in data centres. This KPI evaluates the energy consumption of an application platform prior to deployment. The purpose of this KPI is to measure the energy effectiveness of a set of target IT equipment, operating systems and middleware, to enable the selection of an energy effective IT stack.

This document specifies a formula for calculating APEE and definitions of components of the formula.

This document specifies a measurement method for assessing and reporting the energy effectiveness of an application platform.

This document also specifies requirements for benchmarks to be used for APEE and requirements for reporting.

The following topics are outside of the scope of this document:

1)    KPIs intended to solely evaluate the energy effectiveness of target IT equipment hardware,

2)    energy effectiveness of data centre facilities.

This document describes the treatment of data centre metrics in circumstances where electrical energy is stored and exported from within the data centre boundaries of other standards in the ISO/IEC 30134 series.

This document specifies the Excess Electrical Energy Factor (XEEF) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify the electrical energy provided back from data centre to the utility.

This document has the structure common to the standards of the ISO/IEC 30134 series.

This document proposes elements for the expression of energy production, storage, reuse and consumption in reference to primary energy in data centres, taking into account both the elements needed for energy assessment and the concepts developed in the framework of the ISO 52000 series for energy performance of buildings (EPB).

This document:

—    provides the main definitions and concepts from the ISO 52000 series needed to make a primary energy assessment for data centres;

—    provides approaches for discriminating true sources of energy used by a given data centre;

—    compares, where relevant, the terms used in both the ISO/IEC 30134 series and ISO 52000 series and provides explanations on the use of factors for converting final or delivered energy to primary energy which take a different approach in each series (and how to move from one to the other);

—    illustrates the impact of using the EPB approach on data-centre-energy-related key performance indicators (KPIs), both in general and by the provision of examples;

—    provides known sources of weighting or conversion factors to be used when there are no recognized or agreed local factors applicable to the studied data centre energy performance assessment.

This document specifies a measurement method to assess and report the energy effectiveness of a computer server. This document does not set any pass/fail criteria for servers.

ISO/IEC TR 20913:2016 describes backgrounds, motivation, and general concept of holistic methodology for data centre key performance indicators (KPIs) to investigate the status of KPIs. It discusses the usefulness of holistic investigation methodology in terms of aggregating a KPI across different contexts, aggregation of two or more KPIs within a single context, aggregation of two or more KPIs across multiple contexts, and aggregation of the multiple KPIs into a single indicator. This document presents a conventional spider web chart-based data centre KPIs status observation method and a control chart method including upper bound and lower bound of the operational status of KPIs. This document presents SWOT analysis results for both methodologies. The methods described in this document are aimed at the self-monitoring of a data centre, not comparison among data centres.

Specifically, ISO/IEC TR 20913:2016

a) describes backgrounds, motivation, and general concept of holistic investigation methodology for data centre KPIs,

b) analyses the usefulness of holistic investigation methodology for aggregating KPIs,

c) describes a spider web chart-based KPIs status observation method and a control chart extending spider web chart to observe the operational status of KPIs,

d) describes alternative and/or additional methods of representing dissimilar KPIs to track holistic resource effectiveness of the data centre, and

e) presents SWOT analysis results for holistic investigation methods described in this document.

This document:

a)  defines metrics as key performance indicators (KPIs) for resilience, dependability, fault tolerance and availability tolerance for data centres;

b)  covers the data centre infrastructure (DCI) of power distribution and supply, and environmental control;

c)  can be referred to for covering further infrastructures, e.g. telecommunications cabling;

d)  defines the measurement and calculation of the KPIs and resilience levels (RLs);

e)  targets maintainability, recoverability and vulnerability;

f)  provides examples for calculating these KPIs for the purpose of analytical comparison of different DCIs.

This document does not apply to IT equipment, cloud services, software or business applications.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the type of risk assessment to be employed concerning seismic activity and earthquakes in relation to data centres. In addition, it describes design concepts that can be employed as mitigation actions within the construction and other design elements of data centres.

ISO/IEC TS 22237-7:2018 specifies processes for the management and operation of data centres. The primary focus of this document is the operational processes necessary to deliver the expected level of resilience, availability, risk management, risk mitigation, capacity planning, security and energy efficiency.

The secondary focus is on management processes to align the actual and future demands of users.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations concerning the physical security of data centres based on the criteria and classifications for “availability”, “security” and “energy efficiency enablement” within ISO/IEC 22237-1.
This document provides designations for the data centre spaces defined in ISO/IEC 22237-1.
This document specifies requirements and recommendations for such data centre spaces, and the systems employed within those spaces, in relation to protection against:
a) unauthorized access addressing organizational and technological solutions;
b) intrusion;
c) internal fire events igniting within data centre spaces;
d) internal environmental events (other than fire) within the data centre spaces which would affect the defined level of protection;
e) external environmental events outside the data centre spaces which would affect the defined level of protection.
NOTE Constructional requirements and recommendations are provided by reference to ISO/IEC 22237-2.
Safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are outside the scope of this document and are covered by other standards and regulations. However, information given in this document can be of assistance in meeting these standards and regulations.
Conformance of data centres to the present document is covered in Clause 4.

ISO/IEC TS 22237-5:2018 addresses the wide range of telecommunications cabling infrastructures within data centres based upon the criteria and classifications for "availability" within ISO/IEC TS 22237‑1.

ISO/IEC TS 22237-5:2018 specifies requirements and recommendations for the following:

a) information technology and network telecommunications cabling (e.g. SAN and LAN);

b) general information technology cabling to support the operation of the data centre;

c) telecommunications cabling to monitor and control, as appropriate, power distribution, environmental control and physical security of the data centre;

d) other building automation cabling;

e) pathways, spaces and enclosures for the telecommunications cabling infrastructures.

Safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are outside the scope of this document and are covered by other standards and regulations. However, information given in this document may be of assistance in meeting these standards and regulations.

This document addresses environmental control within data centres based upon the criteria and classifications for “availability”, “security” and “energy efficiency enablement” within ISO/IEC 22237‑1.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the following:

a) temperature control;

b) fluid movement control;

c) relative humidity control;

d) particulate control;

e) vibration;

f) physical security of environmental control systems.

This document addresses power supplies to, and power distribution within, data centres based upon the criteria and classifications for “availability”, “physical security” and “energy efficiency enablement” within ISO/IEC 22237‑1.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the following:

a) power supplies to data centres;

b) power distribution systems to all equipment within data centres;

c) telecommunications infrastructure bonding;

d) lightning protection;

e) devices for the measurement of the power consumption and power quality characteristics at points along the power distribution system and their integration within management tools.

Safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are outside the scope of this document and are covered by other standards and regulations. However, information given in this document can be of assistance in meeting these standards and regulations.

Conformance of data centres to the present document is covered in Clause 4.

The use of the data centre stored energy or alternate sources to be used by the grid is not in the scope of this document and is for consideration in future specifications.